Notes and Study material for Exams
Constitutionalism: The Foundation of Limited Government and Individual Rights Constitutionalism, a cornerstone of modern democratic societies, embodies the principle of limited government and the protection of individual rights through a supreme law. This article delves into the multifaceted nature of constitutionalism, exploring its historical evolution, key principles, and contemporary challenges. The Genesis of Constitutionalism: From … Read more
Mahajanapadas The literal meaning of Mahajanapadas is great kingdoms. They flourished in the north/north western parts of India before the rise of Megasthenes. Whereas Avantipura who was the king of Surasena was one of the first desciples of Buddha, and it gained prominence evr since then in Mathura. The geographical locattion of this kingdom among the … Read more
The Lichchhavis (also Lichchavi, Licchavi) were an important member of the Vajjian confederacy. The early Indian traditions describe the Lichchhavis as Kshatriyas. Scholars reject the theory of foreign origin of the Lichchhavis on the strength of these traditions. But they were degraded to the status of fallen Kshatriyas due to their championship of non-Brahmanical … Read more
Social and Political Consolidation: Building the Foundations of a Stable Society Social and political consolidation are fundamental processes that underpin the stability and prosperity of any nation. They involve the gradual integration of diverse social groups, the establishment of strong and legitimate institutions, and the creation of a shared sense of national identity. This article … Read more
Army Army fulfilled four important functions: Instrument to conquer Indian powers Defended the British Empire in India against foreign rivals Safe-guarded against internal revolt Chief instrument for extending and defending the British Empire in Asia and Africa. Bulk of the army consisted of Indians. In 1857, of the total strength of 311400, about 265900 were … Read more
History of the world will include events from 18th century such as Industrial revolution, World Wars,Redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like Communism,capitalism, Socialism etc.- their forms and effect on the Society. Prehistory Prehistory is the period of time before humans developed writing systems. It is a long and complex period, with many … Read more
Laws, rules, regulations and conscience as source of ethical guidance High ethical standards for the provision of Services and the exercise of authority are a prerequisite if the citizenry is to trust the Public Service. The goal of these general ethical guidelines is to ensure that all State employees are aware of this. … Read more
The Many Faces of Power: A Comprehensive Look at Systems of Government The way a society organizes its power is a fundamental aspect of its identity. From the ancient city-states of Greece to the modern nation-states of today, humans have experimented with various systems of government, each with its own strengths, weaknesses, and historical context. … Read more
A Journey Through the Political Spectrum: A Comprehensive Guide to Ideologies The world of politics is a complex tapestry woven from diverse threads of thought and belief. Understanding the different political ideologies that shape our societies is crucial for engaging in informed discourse, making responsible decisions, and fostering a more inclusive and tolerant world. This … Read more
On November 1, 1858, a grand Darbar was held at Allahabad. Here Lord Canning sent forth the royal proclamation which announced that the queen had assumed the government of India. This proclamation declared the future policy of the British Rule in India. The Queen’s Proclamation of 1858 assured the Indian Princes that their territories will … Read more