Notes and Study material for Exams
Flood and Drought Occurrence Drought Drought is a complex, slow-onset phenomenon of ecological challenge that affects people more than any other natural hazards by causing serious economic, social and environmental losses in both developing and developed countries. The period of unusual dryness (i.e. drought) is a normal feature of the Climate and weather … Read more
Climate Change It is the long term change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods of time Though it has been happening naturally for millions of years, in recent years it has accelerated due to anthropogenic causes and has been causing Global Warming. UNFCCC defines Climate Change as – “a change of climate … Read more
Global Warming and Its Impact Global warming is the slow increase in the Average temperature of the earth’s Atmosphere because an increased amount of the energy (heat) striking the earth from the sun is being trapped in the atmosphere and not radiated out into space. The earth’s atmosphere has always acted like a greenhouse to capture the … Read more
Disaster Management Models. Roles and responsibilities of stakeholders including community, Concept of first responders Disaster management (DM) is a challenging domain to model because of the variety of dynamic characteristics attached to the domain. Metamodeling is a model-driven approach that describes how semantic domain models can be built into an artifact called a Metamodel. By … Read more
Science and economics of Climate change Science of Climate Change The Atmosphere functions as a ‘greenhouse’ and insulates the earth from extremes of temperature. The Greenhouse Effect works in the following manner. Of the incoming short-wave radiation from the sun, one-third is reflected, and the atmosphere, ocean, ice, land, and biota absorb the … Read more
The Silent Threat: Ocean Acidification and its Impact on Marine Life The ocean, a vast and mysterious realm, plays a crucial role in regulating Earth’s climate and sustaining life. However, this vital ecosystem is facing an unprecedented threat â ocean acidification. This phenomenon, driven by the absorption of excess carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere, … Read more
Environmental influences are important both at the prenatal and postnatal stages of Human Development. At the prenatal stage, when a fetus is in the mother’s womb, internal or external harmful agents, such as certain legal or illegal drugs, alcohol, lead and pollutants can harm the unborn baby’s development. The mother’s Nutrition, diseases and emotional Stress … Read more
The Dance of the Monsoon Winds: A Global Phenomenon Shaping Climates and Cultures The monsoon, a seasonal shift in wind patterns, is a powerful force that shapes the lives of billions of people across the globe. From the lush landscapes of South Asia to the arid deserts of Australia, the monsoon’s influence is felt in … Read more
The major causes of the Environmental Degradation are modern Urbanization, industrialization, over-Population Growth, deforestation etc. Environmental pollution refers to the degradation of quality and quantity of natural Resources. Mahatma Gandhi’s principle of “enoughness” in his saying “the earth provides enough to satisfy every persons need but not for every person’s greed” According to World Commission … Read more
Geoengineering: A Controversial Solution to Climate Change The Earth’s climate is changing at an unprecedented rate, driven primarily by human activities that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. This change is already having significant impacts on the planet, from rising sea levels and extreme weather events to disruptions in ecosystems and human societies. While mitigating … Read more