Notes and Study material for Exams
The Allahabad Pillar Inscription (Prayag Prasasti) is a 16th-century CE SanskritSanskrit inscription on a pillar located in Allahabad, India. The inscription was commissioned by the Mughal emperor Jahangir to commemorate his victory over the Afghans in the Battle of Khajwah in 1605. The inscription is written in the Nagari script and is divided into three … Read more
Establishment of British Cantonments Dagshai cantonment: Dagshai is one of the oldest cantonment towns in the Solan district of Himachal Pradesh, India. It is situated on top of a 5689 feet (1734 mtr) high hillock that stands sphinx-like astride the Kalka-Shimla Highway at a point about 11 km from Solan. It was founded in … Read more
Armed Forces and Fundamental Rights: A Balancing Act The armed forces, as the guardians of national security, play a crucial role in safeguarding a nation’s sovereignty and interests. However, their unique nature, characterized by strict discipline, hierarchical structures, and the potential for deployment in hostile environments, raises complex questions regarding the application of fundamental rights. … Read more
India And Its Neighbours India has a long land frontier and coastline. It Shares boundaries with Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, China, Bangladesh, Myanmar (Burma) and Sri Lanka. India has official political relations with most nations. India is considered as the world’s second most populous and democratic country. Foreign Policy of India has always … Read more
Social Institutions: Family, Marriage, Kinship, Religion and Social stratification in India Society is the combination of individuals. These individuals have their various needs which they want to be satisfied. For this purpose people behave in a customary way which is controlled by norms. This participation of people for the attainment of their various … Read more
In the early 2nd century BC, a tribe on the Central Asian frontier of China called Hsiung-nu defeated a neighboring one known as Yueh-chih. After more conflict, the survivors of the Yueh-chih were dislocated west, passing down the Ili river valley and along the southern shore of lake Issyk Kul. This movement also pushed … Read more
QUAD and Malabar 2020 The first phase of the Malabar naval exercises is currently underway off the coast of Vishakhapatnam in the Bay of Bengal and there has been much enthusiasm and anticipation around it this year. The excitement is largely because for the first time the Malabar Exercise will see the participation of India, … Read more
Perfluorocarbons: A Persistent Threat to the Environment and Human Health Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are a group of synthetic organic compounds characterized by the presence of carbon atoms fully bonded to fluorine atoms. Their unique properties, including chemical inertness, thermal stability, and low surface tension, have made them highly valuable in various industrial applications. However, these same … Read more
Pahlava dynasty The breakdown of the Mauryan Empire led to the rise of many regional kingdoms in different parts of the country. At the same time, we witness invasions by various groups of people based in Central Asia and western China. These were Indo-Greeks, the Scythians or the Śakas, the Parthians or the … Read more
The Rise of Autonomous States: A Catalyst for the Decline of the Mughal Empire The Mughal Empire, a sprawling and opulent realm that dominated much of the Indian subcontinent for centuries, faced a gradual but inexorable decline in the 18th century. While various factors contributed to its eventual downfall, the rise of autonomous states within … Read more