Notes and Study material for Exams
Social Audit: A Powerful Tool for Transparency, Accountability, and Sustainable Development Introduction In an era marked by increasing globalization and interconnectedness, the need for transparency and accountability has become paramount. Businesses, governments, and non-profit organizations are increasingly being held responsible for their actions and their impact on society and the environment. This demand for transparency … Read more
The Power of Production: Understanding Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a cornerstone of economic analysis, providing a comprehensive snapshot of a nation’s economic health. It measures the total value of goods and services produced within a country’s borders over a specific period, typically a year or a quarter. Understanding GDP is … Read more
Citizen charter The Citizens’ Charter is an instrument which seeks to make an organization transparent, accountable and citizen friendly. A Citizens’ Charter is basically a set of commitments made by an organization regarding the standards of service which it delivers. Every citizens’ charter has several essential components to make it meaningful; the first … Read more
Determination of focal length of concave miror by single pin method. [Relation between u-v-f (numerical examples) Spherical mirrors It is a mirror which has the shape of a piece cut out of a spherical surface. Two types of spherical mirrors are; Concave mirror: Its inner concave surface reflects, and has polished outer … Read more
Measurement of any physical quantity involves comparison with a certain basic, arbitrarily chosen, internationally accepted reference standard called unit. The result of a measurement of a physical quantity is expressed by a number (or numerical measure) accompanied by a unit. A unit of measurement is a definite magnitude of a quantity, defined and adopted by … Read more
Tolerance: Definition Tolerance is the willingness to accept actions we believe to be inappropriate or even wrong because it would be worse to take action against them. Tolerance is community-oriented. Ideally, all bad behavior should cease, but it is unrealistic to think that Society could succeed in enforcing this ideal. Tolerance understands this. … Read more
NATIONAL INCOME The study of National Income is important because of the following reasons: To see the Economic Development of the country. To assess the developmental objectives. To know the contribution of the various sectors to National Income. Internationally some countries are wealthy, some countries are not wealthy and some countries are in-between. Under such … Read more
Temperature: The Foundation of Weather and Climate Temperature, the degree of hotness or coldness of a substance, is a fundamental element of both weather and climate. It plays a crucial role in shaping the physical environment, influencing everything from the distribution of plant and animal life to the formation of weather patterns and the severity … Read more
Mensuration is the branch of mathematics which deals with the study of different geometrical shapes, their areas and Volume. In the broadest sense, it is all about the process of measurement. It is based on the use of algebraic equations and geometric calculations to provide measurement data regarding the width, depth and volume of a … Read more