Notes and Study material for Exams
There were some working class movements in second half of 19th century. However, they were impulsive and not very well organized. The early nationalists had a lukewarm Attitude towards the question of workers. This war because initially Congress wanted to focus on issues which were of common concern to all the people of India. There … Read more
Measures Adopted for Educational Development of socio-economic disadvantaged groups: Our Constitution has directed the states to promote the educational interests of the weaker sections of the people, particularly of SCs and STs in terms of establishment of and admission to educational institutions and grant from state funds for scholarships, etc. It has thus … Read more
Philosophy of the Upanishad and the Bhagavad Gita –Yoga-philosophy/”>Yoga Philosophy of Pathanjali Philosophy of the Upanishad What are Upanishads? The Upanishads are ancient texts, which record the foundation of Hindu thought. They are the final part of the Vedas, the part that is concerned with pure knowledge. The word ‘veda’ means ‘knowledge’; and the Upanishads … Read more
Buddhism. Self-Respect Movement The anti-Brahmin crusade got a further impetus when E. V. Ramaswamy Naicker, popularly known as Periyar, joined the anti-Brahmin movement. Naicker, who actively participated in the Non-Cooperation movement, broke with the Congress in 1924 to develop an anti-Brahmin, anti-caste populist and radical alternative to Justice elitism. He had been with the Congress … Read more
The Parallel Paths: Exploring the Similarities and Differences between Buddhism and Jainism Buddhism and Jainism, two ancient Indian religions, share a common origin in the Vedic tradition and a profound emphasis on non-violence and spiritual liberation. While they share many core tenets, they also diverge in their philosophical approaches and practices, creating distinct paths towards … Read more
Struggle for emancipation of Dalits and their Empowerment Dalit empowerment Dalit empowerment may be defined as a process of gaining control by Dalits as a community over self, ideology, material and knowledge Resources, which determine power relationship in a Society. As a political process, Dalit empowerment challenges the prevailing power structure of subordination … Read more
Philosophical and social thoughts of Acharya Shankaracharya Adi Shankaracharya, the great Philosopher was born in 788 CE, Kaladi, Present in Kerala. He died in 820 CE at the early age of 32 only in Kedarnath, Pala Empire, Present in Uttarakhand. Shankaracharya was a noted Philosopher and theologiser from India. He reformed the rituals and doctrines … Read more
The Samkhya School: A Journey into the Realm of Dualism and Liberation The Samkhya school, one of the six orthodox (Ästika) schools of Hindu philosophy, stands as a testament to the ancient Indian quest for understanding the nature of reality and the path to liberation. Unlike other schools that emphasize the importance of a personal … Read more
Unity and universality of religions, religious Tolerance and Hinduism and
The Bhakti Movement in Indian history represents a movement that popularized devotional surrender to a personally conceived supreme God. Its origins are traced to the Brahamanical and Buddhist traditions of ancient India. It was in south India that it grew from a religious tradition into a popular movement based on religious Equality and broad based … Read more