Notes and Study material for Exams
Eco-System-An ecosystem is defined as a structural and functional unit of Biosphere consisting of community of living beings and the physical Environment, both interacting and exchanging materials between them. It includes Plants, trees, animals, fish, birds, micro-organisms, water, Soil, and people. When an ecosystem is healthy (i.e. sustainable) it means that all the Elements live … Read more
Evolution of Public Administration as a discipline, new public administration There are five stages in the chronology of the evolution of Public Administration as a discipline; these stages are theoretically driven as encapsulated below: Stage 1: politics administration dichotomy (1887-1926) Stage 2: principles of administration (1927-1937) Stage 3: era of challenge (1938-1947) Stage 4: crises of … Read more
Regional imbalance is the disparity in economic and social development of two regions. One region/city/area is stronger than another region/city/area. Regions develop when investments are made to set up industries, service sectors, educational institutions, Health care facilities etc. Income inequality is the unequal distribution of household or individual income across the various participants in an economy. Income inequality is often presented as the … Read more
Moral thinkers Rabindranath Tagore The centre of Tagore’s philosophy was man of god. Even his concept of God was influenced by the humanism inherent in his outlook. The supreme reality thus according to Tagore, essentially human and could be realised only through love of man. Love of God was thus translated into love of human. … Read more
Sufism in Karnataka Sufism is nothing other than Islamic mysticism. The saints who preached the principles of Sufism are called Sufi saints. Karnataka is one of the most important southern states of India. At present in Karnataka there are thirty districts and in these districts, four hundred and twenty five references to Sufi saints’ darghas … Read more
Folk Dances of Karnataka Folk dances are dances that are developed by people that reflect the life of the people of a certain country or region.The term “folk dance” is reserved for dances which are to a significant degree bound by tradition and originated in the times when the distinction existed between the dances of “common folk” and the dances of the high Society. … Read more
Preparation and properties of commonly used dyes Dye, substance used to impart colour to textiles, paper, leather, and other materials such that the colouring is not readily altered by washing, heat, Light, or other factors to which the material is likely to be exposed. Dyes differ from pigments, which are finely ground solids dispersed in … Read more
Prominent folk singers and theatre artists of Uttarakhand Tinchari mai (Deepa devi) Tinchari Mai was born in 1917 as Deepa Nautiyal in Majyur village of Thailsain block. At the age of two she lost her mother and by the time she was five, her father also died. An uncle took her under his shelter. There … Read more
Carbohydrates (glucose, sucrose and cellulose) Carbohydrates (also called saccharides) are molecular compounds made from just three Elements: carbon, hydrogen and Oxygen. Monosaccharides (e.g. glucose) and disaccharides (e.g. sucrose) are relatively small Molecules. They are often called sugars. Other carbohydrate molecules are very large (polysaccharides such as starch and cellulose). Carbohydrates are: a Source Of Energy for the … Read more
Cyber security is a process, technique or procedure to ensure information security goals. Aim of Information Security is to provide CIA i.e. Confidentiality of information Integrity of information Availability of information These 3 parameters (CIA) are called security goals/security Services. The other security objectives also include such other parameters as authenticity, authorisation, accounting and … Read more