Notes and Study material for Exams
Non Metals As far as Elements are concerned, a nonmetal is simply an element that does not display the properties of a Metal. It is not defined by what it is, but by what it is not. It doesn’t look metallic, can’t be drawn into a wire or pounded into shape or bent, doesn’t conduct … Read more
Acid An acid is a substance which forms H+ ions as the only positive ion in aqueous solution. Examples:- Hydrochloric acid dissolved in water forms H+ and Cl– ions HCl —> H+ + Cl– Sulphuric acid dissolved in water forms H+ and SO42- ions H2SO4 —>2H+ + SO42- Nitric acid forms H+ and NO3– ions when dissolved in water HNO3 —> H+ + NO3– … Read more
Introduction Power is one of the most critical components of Biodiversity. Coal is a fossil fuel that is formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals. Coal is used to generate electricity, power industrial processes, and heat homes and businesses. Coal is a non-renewable … Read more
The Essential Building Blocks of Life: Elements Required for Plant Growth Plants, the silent architects of our planet, are masters of converting sunlight, water, and air into the building blocks of life. This remarkable feat is achieved through a complex interplay of essential elements, each playing a crucial role in their growth, development, and overall … Read more
Valency Valency of an element is a measure of its combining power with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or Molecules. The combining power, or affinity of an atom of a given element is determined by the number of hydrogen atoms that it combines with. In methane, carbon has a valence of 4; in … Read more
Corrosion is defined as an attack on a material as a result of chemical, frequently electrochemical reaction, with the surrounding medium. According to this definition, the term corrosion can be applied to all materials, including non-metals. But in practice, the word corrosion is mainly used in Conjunction with metallic materials. Why do metals corrode? Apart … Read more
Biogeochemical Cycles: Here is a list of subtopics without any description for Biogeochemical Cycles: Carbon cycle Nitrogen cycle Phosphorus cycle Sulfur cycle Water cycle Oxygen cycle Rock Cycle Sedimentary cycle Hydrologic cycle Carbonate cycle Nitrogen fixation Nitrification Denitrification Ammonification Mineralization Immobilization Leaching Uptake Transpiration EvaporationEvaporation PrecipitationPrecipitation Runoff Infiltration Percolation Groundwater Surface water Oceans AtmosphereAtmosphere Biosphere … Read more
Fuel Cells: The Future of Energy? Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert the chemical energy of a fuel, typically hydrogen, into electrical energy through a chemical reaction. Unlike batteries, which store energy, fuel cells continuously generate electricity as long as fuel and oxidant are supplied. This technology holds immense potential for a cleaner and … Read more
Conventional and New Source of Energy Energy is one of the most important component of economic Biomass, coal, Geothermal Energy, hydroelectric energy, Nuclear Energy, oil and natural gas, solar energy, and wind energy. Biomass is a RENEWABLE ENERGY source that comes from plants and other organic materials. Biomass can be used to … Read more