Notes and Study material for Exams
The Chutiya state The Chutiya also known as Sutiya kingdom was established on the north bank of the River Brahmaputra in north-eastern Assam and parts of Arunachal Pradesh by Birpal. They were a Tibeto-Burmese race who secured power in Assam at the same time as the Khen kings and Barobhuyan chieftains (to the west), during … Read more
A.H. Dani (1960) has devided the Neolithic Cultures of Assam into six distinct zones: namely Cachar Hills Zone, Sadiya Frontiers, Naga Hills Zone, Khasi Hills Zone, Garo Hills Zone, and Brahmaputra Valley Zone. Regarding the discovery of Neolithic tools and implements in the Brahmaputra valley, it has been written that the materials available for study … Read more
1- The Rigvedic deity not found in Avesta is: (a) Indra (b) Varuna (c) Agni (d) Mitra 2- The concept of ‘Brahma’ started with: (a) Brahmanas (b) Aranyakas (c) Upanishads (d) Vedas Who wrote ‘Natya Shashtra’? (a) Bhavbhuti (b) Matang (c) Bharat Muni (d) Bharavi Most of Smritis have been written in verse. Which … Read more
, General Science is a broad field that encompasses a wide range of topics, from the physical sciences to the life sciences. It is an essential part of the APPSC Prelims Exam, and candidates are expected to have a good understanding of the subject. Here is a brief overview of some of the key topics … Read more
The Afghan-Maratha conflict The Durrani Invasions {114S, 1750, 1751) These anarchical conditions of India specially of Panjab and Haryana greatly facilitated the ambitious scheme of Ahmad Shah, an Afghan chief of the Abdali clan who rose to power in Afghanistan after the assassination of Nadir Shah in 1747, He was styled by the … Read more
The Rise of local powers: Rewari and Ballabhgarh Although a period of over all decline it marked the rise of local powers — especially of Rewari and Ballabhgarh in Haryana. The estate of Rewari, as stated earlier, was founded by Nand Ram, a Ahir leader of gadhi Bolni. His illustrious son Bal Krishna rose … Read more
In Haryana during the medieval period there has been considerable interest in the construction of buildings mostly in the form of tombs (in the sacred memory of Muslim saints and men of eminence), mosques and other associated religious establishments for prayers, recitation and the teaching of the holy scriptures. These are scatered all over Haryana … Read more
The Sur Administrative Reforms Haryana was the ancestral home of Sher Shah. His grandfather Ibrahim Khan Sur who came from Afghanistan, served under Jamal Khan Sarang Khani of Hisar- Firuzah who bestowed on him ‘several villages in pargana Narnaul for the maintenance of forty horsemen’. His son, Hasan Khan, entered the service of Umar … Read more
The invasion of Nadir Shah Nadir Shah (the king of Persia) after the occupation of Afghanistan decided to march on India whose unsettled borders and negative defence policy ideally suited his purpose. He passed through Jalalabad, Peshawar, Wazirabad and further carried destruction and disorder throughout the region between Lahore and Sarhind which according to … Read more
The Royal firmans (Public Welfare) Soon after his accession Jahangir visited Haryana in 1605. Prince Khusrau who had revolted and was on his way to Lahore, baited at Sarai Narela, set its rest house on fire and thereafter reached Panipat. The Faujdar of Panipat fled to Lahore, pursued by the prince. Jahangir who was … Read more