Notes and Study material for Exams
The Appointment of Judges to High Courts: A Complex Balancing Act The appointment of judges to High Courts is a crucial aspect of maintaining a fair and impartial judicial system. It involves a delicate balancing act between ensuring judicial independence, upholding public confidence in the judiciary, and reflecting the diversity of the society it serves. … Read more
Low per capita income: In India, the NATIONAL INCOME and per capita income is very low and it is considered as one of the basic features of underdevelopment. As per World Bank estimates, the per capita income of India stood at only $ 1900 in 2017. Excessive dependence of agriculture and primary producing … Read more
Right to constitutional Remedies( writs) Writs under ARTICLE 32 of the Constitution A declaration of Fundamental Rights is meaningless unless there are effective judicial remedies for their enforcement. Article 32 for the enforcement of the Fundamental Rights by means of the specified writ of writs of the same nature. The purpose is to … Read more
Urban Indian economy after 1858 During this period, the Indian economy essentially remained stagnant, growing at the same rate (1.2%) as the Population. India also experienced deindustrialization during this period. Compared to the Mughal era, India during the British colonial era had a lower per-capita income, a large decline in the Secondary Sector, and lower … Read more
Indian economy has come a long way since independence. From socialist pattern to liberalised era it , from being agrarian to service oriented economy it has seen many ups and downs. The basic features of Indian economy are enumerated as follows: India is a developing economy with low per capita income. Current Per capita income … Read more
The India High Courts Act 1861 was enacted to create High Courts for various provinces and abolished Supreme Courts at Calcutta, Madras and Bombay and also the Sadar Adalats in Presidency towns. These High Courts had the distinction of being the highest Courts for all cases till the creation of Federal Court of India, which … Read more
Pressure and wind belts Atmospheric Pressure, also called barometric pressure, force per unit area exerted by an atmospheric column (that is, the entire body of air above the specified area). Atmospheric pressure can be measured with a mercury barometer (hence the commonly used synonym barometric pressure), which indicates the height of a column of mercury … Read more
Urbanisation pattern of Himachal Pradesh In 1901, urban Population of Himachal Pradesh was merely 77332 persons which accounted for 4.03 percent of the total population of the state. Period 1901-11 marked a negative urban Growth of – 23.46 percent.entire colonial period was characterized by very slow urban growth. The process of Urbanization speeded up only … Read more
Cold desert of India include areas of ladak, leh and kargil of kashmir and spiti valley of Himachal Pradesh and some parts of northern Uttaranchal and Sikkim. Lies in rain shadow of Himalaya Oak, pine, deodar, birch and rhododendron are the important trees and bushes found there. Major animal include yaks, dwarf cows, and … Read more