Notes and Study material for Exams
The Shifting Sands of the Atmosphere: Understanding the Dynamic Nature of Pressure Belts The Earth’s atmosphere is a dynamic system, constantly in motion due to the uneven distribution of solar radiation. This uneven heating creates pressure differences, driving the circulation of air masses and shaping global weather patterns. A key element in this atmospheric dance … Read more
Social policy and social development Social policy Social policies may be thought of as clusters of rules or as institutionalized guiding principles maintaining a social order. These rules and principles evolved throughout the history of human groups. They reflect choices and decisions made by successive generations striving to satisfy basic biological and emerging … Read more
COP 15 Copenhagen Summit: A Turning Point in Climate Action? The 15th Conference of the Parties (COP 15) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), held in Copenhagen, Denmark, from December 7 to 19, 2009, was a pivotal moment in global climate negotiations. It aimed to establish a new international agreement to … Read more
The Greenhouse Effect is a natural process that warms the Earth’s surface. When the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s Atmosphere, some of it is reflected back to space and the rest is absorbed and re-radiated by greenhouse gases. It is the process by which radiation from a planet’s atmosphere warms the planet’s surface to a … Read more
Unraveling the Tapestry of Environmental Issues: A Deep Dive into Miscellaneous Topics The environment, a complex and interconnected system, faces a multitude of challenges, many of which fall under the umbrella of “miscellaneous topics.” These issues, often overlooked or understudied, are crucial to understanding the intricate web of environmental problems and finding sustainable solutions. This … Read more
Re-imaging agriculture through the lens of Food Processing Industry The COVID-19 pandemic has accentuated the criticality of Food Security and food surplus management in the current policy space. To this end, policy steps in the agriculture sector in recent years have shifted their orientation from sustenance to Marketing. However, the sector is still exposed to … Read more
Ecosystem Eco-System-An ecosystem is defined as a structural and functional unit of Biosphere consisting of community of living beings and the physical Environment, both interacting and exchanging materials between them. It includes Plants, trees, animals, fish, birds, micro-organisms, water, Soil, and people. When an ecosystem is healthy (i.e. sustainable) it means that all the Elements … Read more
The Rise of Foreign Banks: Global Reach and Local Impact The world of finance is increasingly interconnected, with institutions spanning borders and offering services to a global clientele. Foreign banks, those headquartered outside the country in which they operate, play a crucial role in this interconnectedness, shaping the financial landscape and influencing local economies. This … Read more
The Green Climate Fund: A Vital Tool in the Fight Against Climate Change The world is facing a climate crisis. Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and rising sea levels are already impacting communities around the globe, and the situation is only expected to worsen without decisive action. To address this urgent challenge, international cooperation is … Read more
Climate Change It is the long term change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods of time Though it has been happening naturally for millions of years, in recent years it has accelerated due to anthropogenic causes and has been causing Global Warming. UNFCCC defines Climate Change as – “a change of climate … Read more