Notes and Study material for Exams
Amendments Amendments to the Constitution are made by the Parliament, the procedure for which is laid out in ARTICLE 368. An amendment bill must be passed by both the Houses of the Parliament by a two-thirds majority and voting. In addition to this, certain amendments which pertain to the federal nature of the Constitution must … Read more
Constitution Constitution is the fundamental law of a country which ordains the fundamental principles on which the government (or the governance) of that country is based. It lays down the framework and principal functions of various organs of the government as well as the modalities of interaction between the government and its citizens. With the … Read more
The Many Faces of Power: A Comprehensive Look at Systems of Government The way a society organizes its power is a fundamental aspect of its identity. From the ancient city-states of Greece to the modern nation-states of today, humans have experimented with various systems of government, each with its own strengths, weaknesses, and historical context. … Read more
The Sarkaria Commission: A Legacy of Recommendations for Federalism in India The Indian Constitution, a testament to the nation’s commitment to federalism, has been a subject of continuous debate and evolution. The delicate balance between the Centre and the States, enshrined in the document, has been tested and refined over the years, leading to the … Read more
Switzerland: A Beacon of Direct Democracy and Federalism Switzerland, a small nation nestled in the heart of Europe, stands out as a unique and fascinating example of a constitutional system. Its political structure, characterized by a strong emphasis on direct democracy and federalism, has earned it global recognition and admiration. This article delves into the … Read more
The Constituent Assembly Debates on Federalism: A Foundation for India’s Unity in Diversity The drafting of the Indian Constitution was a monumental task, involving intense deliberations and debates on various aspects of governance. Among the most crucial and contentious issues was the question of federalism. The Constituent Assembly, tasked with crafting the nation’s blueprint, grappled … Read more
The Rise of Regional Parties: A Challenge to National Politics in India The Indian political landscape has witnessed a dramatic shift in recent decades, marked by the increasing prominence of regional parties. This phenomenon, often referred to as the “rise of regionalism,” has fundamentally altered the dynamics of national politics, challenging the dominance of national … Read more
The Landmark Judgment of S.R. Bommai vs. Union of India: A Deep Dive into Federalism and the Balance of Power The 1994 landmark judgment in S.R. Bommai vs. Union of India stands as a cornerstone in the evolution of India’s federal structure. This case, arising from the dismissal of the elected government in Karnataka in … Read more
The Division of Powers: A Cornerstone of Constitutional Democracy The division of powers, a fundamental principle of constitutional democracy, serves as a cornerstone for safeguarding individual liberties and ensuring a balanced and effective government. This principle, enshrined in many constitutions around the world, seeks to prevent the concentration of power in any single branch of … Read more
The Dual Polity: A Framework for Understanding Power Dynamics in Modern Societies The concept of a “dual polity” has emerged as a powerful analytical tool for understanding the complex interplay of power and governance in modern societies. This framework, rooted in the work of political scientists and sociologists, recognizes the existence of two distinct but … Read more