Notes and Study material for Exams
The Dynamic Dance of Cooperation and Competition: Exploring the Evolution of Federalism in the United States The United States, a nation built on the principles of federalism, has witnessed a complex and evolving relationship between its national and state governments. This intricate dance between cooperation and competition, often referred to as “cooperative federalism” and “competitive … Read more
The constitution (73rd and 74th) Amendment Acts, 1992 and ARTICLE 280 (3) (c) have altered the erstwhile fiscal devolution system and framework between the states and local governments. Under the new fiscal devolution system every State Government is required to constitute, once in five years, a Finance Commission under articles 243 (I) and entrust it … Read more
Navigating the World of Money Market Instruments: A Comprehensive Guide The financial landscape is a complex tapestry woven with various instruments, each serving a specific purpose. Among these, money market instruments stand out as essential tools for managing short-term liquidity and mitigating risk. This article delves into the world of money market instruments, providing a … Read more
Monetary Policy TOOL: There are several direct and indirect instruments that are used for implementing monetary policy. Repo rate: The (fixed) interest rate at which the Reserve Bank provides overnight liquidity to banks against the collateral of government and other approved securities under the Liquidity Adjustment facility (LAF). Reverse Repo Rate: The (fixed) interest rate … Read more
The Doctrine of Incidental or Ancillary Powers: A Cornerstone of Constitutional Flexibility The doctrine of incidental or ancillary powers is a fundamental principle in constitutional law, allowing the government to exercise powers that are not explicitly granted in the Constitution but are necessary and proper for the effective execution of its enumerated powers. This doctrine, … Read more
Navigating the Labyrinth: A Comprehensive Guide to Types of Government The concept of government, a system of governance that directs and controls a society, is as old as civilization itself. Throughout history, diverse forms of government have emerged, each with its own unique structure, power dynamics, and impact on the lives of its citizens. Understanding … Read more
The Two Faces of Power: Unicameral vs. Bicameral Legislatures The legislative branch of government, responsible for crafting and enacting laws, takes on diverse forms across the globe. One fundamental distinction lies in the structure of the legislature itself: unicameral or bicameral. This seemingly simple difference in structure has profound implications for the balance of power, … Read more
Comparison Of The Indian Constitution With That Of Other Countries Salient Features of Indian Constitution The bulkiest constitution of the world The Indian constitution is one of the bulkiest constitution of the world, comprising of 395 articles, 22 parts and 12 schedules. So far the constitution underwent 100 amendments. Rigidity and flexibility The Indian constitution … Read more
The Kesavananda Bharati Case: A Landmark Judgement Shaping India’s Constitution The Kesavananda Bharati case, formally known as Kesavananda Bharati Sripadagalvaru v. State of Kerala, stands as a landmark judgement in Indian constitutional history. Decided by the Supreme Court in 1973, it established the principle of basic structure doctrine, a cornerstone of India’s constitutional framework. This … Read more
Govt. EMPLOYMENT policy Analysing and Improving Labour Market Data Availability of detailed, reliable, and comprehensive information on the labour market is critical to meet the employment challenge through well-targeted policies and programmes. At present, the dearth of statistical data on the labour market in India poses serious constraints to employment planning and … Read more