Notes and Study material for Exams
Local Agenda 21: A Framework for Sustainable Development at the Local Level Introduction The concept of sustainable development, encompassing economic growth, social equity, and environmental protection, has gained global recognition. While international agreements and national policies play a crucial role in achieving sustainability, the implementation of these goals ultimately rests on the shoulders of local … Read more
The Evolving Concept of Sovereignty: From Absolute Power to Shared Responsibility Sovereignty, a cornerstone of international relations, has been a subject of intense debate and evolution throughout history. Its meaning and application have shifted dramatically, reflecting the changing dynamics of global power and the increasing interconnectedness of nations. This article delves into the multifaceted concept … Read more
CHARACTERISTICS AND PROBLEMS OF INDIAN agriculture Subsistent in Character Heavy Pressure of Population Predominance of Food Grains Mixed Cropping High Percentage of the Reporting Area under Cultivation Small Size of Holdings and Fragmentation of Fields Limited Intensive Agriculture Primitive Technology Indian Agriculture is Labour Intensive Rain-fed Agriculture Less Area under Leguminous and Fodder Crops Tradition … Read more
Definition of Globalization-3/”>Globalization :- Its a process(not an outcome) characterized by increasing global Interconnections by gradual removal of barriers to trade and Investment between nation and higher economic efficiency through competitiveness. Various economic, political, social and cultural effects of globalization are as follows:- [su_heading size=”21″]Economic:-[/su_heading] Breaking down of national economic barriers International spread of Trade, … Read more
Science and economics of Climate change Science of Climate Change The Atmosphere functions as a ‘greenhouse’ and insulates the earth from extremes of temperature. The Greenhouse Effect works in the following manner. Of the incoming short-wave radiation from the sun, one-third is reflected, and the atmosphere, ocean, ice, land, and biota absorb the … Read more
The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants: A Global Effort to Protect Human Health and the Environment The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) stands as a landmark international agreement, aiming to eliminate or drastically reduce the production, use, and release of a group of chemicals known for their persistence, bioaccumulation, and long-range transport, … Read more
Civil and Criminal laws: hierarchy of civil and criminal courts in India Courts and Justice system in India The courts are divided into three categories with top court, middle court and lower court. The top court is named as The Supreme Court, while the middle court is named as High Court, and the … Read more
Corporate governance Need of corporate governance Over the last two decades, corporate governance has attracted a great deal of public interest because of its apparent importance for the economic Health of corporations and Society in general. The headlines of the previous two years in particular portrayed a sad story of corporate ethics (or … Read more
Guidelines for Sustainable Sand & Minor Mineral Mining: A Path Towards Responsible Resource Extraction The world’s insatiable appetite for construction materials, driven by rapid urbanization and infrastructure development, has placed immense pressure on natural resources, particularly sand and minor minerals. Unsustainable mining practices have led to severe environmental degradation, social conflicts, and economic instability. Recognizing … Read more
Mahatma Gandhi’s principle of “enoughness” in his saying “the earth provides enough to satisfy every persons need but not for every person’s greed” According to World Commission on Environment and Development, Our Common Future (1987) , Sustainable Development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to … Read more