Notes and Study material for Exams
Socialism is an economic system where the ways of making Money (factories, offices, etc.) are owned by a Society as a whole, meaning the value made belongs to everyone in that society, instead of a group of private owners. People who agree with this type of system are called socialists. There are two ways socialists think that society … Read more
Need for training in and practising of Human Rights and human dignity in a democratic set up Throughout history every Society has developed systems to ensure social cohesion by codifying the rights and responsibilities of its citizens. It was finally in 1948 that the international community came together to agree on a code … Read more
Emergency: The Crisis of Democratic Order The concept of “emergency” has long been a cornerstone of political thought, serving as a crucial mechanism for governments to respond to extraordinary situations that threaten the stability of the state. However, the increasing invocation of emergency powers in recent years has raised serious concerns about the erosion of … Read more
It is an organisation of 53 member states that are mostly former territories of the British Empire. It operates by intergovernmental consensus of the member states, organised through the Commonwealth Secretariat and non-governmental organisations, organised through the Commonwealth Foundation. Queen Elizabeth II is the Head of the Commonwealth and the monarch of 16 members of … Read more
Rise of Indian National Congress Predecessors of INC East India Association By Dadabhai Naoroji in 1866 in London To discuss the Indian question and to influence the British public men to discuss Indian welfare Branches of the association in prominent Indian cities Indian Association Surendranath Banerjee and Ananda Mohan Bose in 1876, Calcutta The … Read more
The Gramdan Movement: A Legacy of Land Reform and Social Transformation in India The Gramdan Movement, a pivotal chapter in India’s post-independence history, aimed to achieve social justice and economic equality through land redistribution. This movement, spearheaded by the visionary leader Vinoba Bhave, sought to create a more equitable society by encouraging voluntary land donations … Read more
Political Parties and Elections Political parties are an established part of modern mass Democracy, and the conduct of elections in India is largely dependent on the behaviour of political parties. Although many candidates for Indian elections are independent, the winning candidates for Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha elections usually stand as members of political parties, … Read more