Notes and Study material for Exams
National integration has been a very serious and prominent challenge in all the developing countries including India. For a proper analysis of the concept of national integration it is necessary to know the meaning of certain concepts. The first and foremost concept is the term integration itself which may be defined as “a process of … Read more
The Powers of the Election Commission of India: Guardians of Democracy The Election Commission of India (ECI) stands as a cornerstone of India’s democratic framework, entrusted with the monumental task of conducting free and fair elections. Its powers are vast and multifaceted, encompassing every stage of the electoral process, from delimitation of constituencies to the … Read more
The Question Hour: A Vital Tool for Parliamentary Accountability The Question Hour, a cornerstone of parliamentary democracy, serves as a crucial mechanism for holding the government accountable to the people. This dedicated time slot within parliamentary proceedings allows elected representatives to pose questions to ministers, demanding explanations and clarifications on a wide range of issues. … Read more
Lokpal and Redressel of Citizens grievances:- Introduction: The central theme of Democracy is that the ruler is accountable to the rules of all sorts of activities and policies. This has arisen due to the fact that the modern states are populous. Because of this and other reasons the Direct Democracy of ancient Greek … Read more
The Whistleblower Protection Bill: Safeguarding Integrity and Accountability Introduction Whistleblowing, the act of exposing wrongdoing or illegal activities within an organization, plays a crucial role in maintaining ethical conduct and promoting accountability. It empowers individuals to speak truth to power, shedding light on corruption, fraud, and other harmful practices that can have devastating consequences for … Read more
The Separation of Powers: A Cornerstone of Modern Governance The concept of the separation of powers, a fundamental principle of modern governance, is a cornerstone of democratic societies. It advocates for the division of governmental authority among distinct branches, each with its own specific functions and responsibilities. This division aims to prevent the concentration of … Read more
Concept Of Social Legislation Legislation is an instrument to control, guide and restrain the behaviour of individuals and groups living in Society. Individuals and groups left in absolute freedom may clash with each other in the pursuit of their self interest at the cost of others.They cause grave harm to society leading to chaos. Legislation … Read more
The Rise of Regional Parties: A Challenge to National Politics in India The Indian political landscape has witnessed a dramatic shift in recent decades, marked by the increasing prominence of regional parties. This phenomenon, often referred to as the “rise of regionalism,” has fundamentally altered the dynamics of national politics, challenging the dominance of national … Read more
The Crisis of Democratic Order: A Global Phenomenon The world is witnessing a growing crisis of democratic order. While democracy has made significant strides in recent decades, a confluence of factors is eroding its foundations, leading to a decline in trust, polarization, and a rise in authoritarianism. This article will delve into the multifaceted nature … Read more
Enlightenment and Industrial revolution Emergence and Background Beginning of geographical discoveries and direct sea routes opened new avenues of Trade and Commerce. It formed the bedrock of Industrial revolution as mismatch between demand and supply led to new innovative ways of enhancing production. Second factor was emergence of capitalist ideology. Profit making became the core … Read more