Characteristics of Indian Economy : Before and After Independence

Urban Indian economy after 1858 During this period, the Indian economy essentially remained stagnant, growing at the same rate (1.2%) as the Population.  India also experienced deindustrialization during this period. Compared to the Mughal era, India during the British colonial era had a lower per-capita income, a large decline in the Secondary Sector, and lower … Read more

India under the British Rule

  The economic consequences of the British rule can be studied under three heads: Decline of Indian Handicrafts and progressive ruralisation of the Indian economy Growth of the new land system and the commercialisation of Indian agriculture Process of industrial transition of India Decline of Handicrafts While India was an exporter of Handicrafts before the … Read more

The policy of Ring of Fence(1765-1813)

The Ring of Fence: A Policy of Containment and Control in British India (1765-1813) The “Ring of Fence” policy, implemented by the British East India Company (EIC) between 1765 and 1813, represented a significant shift in their approach to governance in India. This policy, characterized by a combination of military expansion, political manipulation, and economic … Read more

Hill States under the Colonial power: Political and Administrative History. Grants, Sanads and territorial aggression.

British Rule in the Hill State The British rule commenced in the state after Anglo-Gorkha war. The Gorkha’s were out powered by the British and they established their supremacy in the state after the Anglo-Gorkha war along the provinces of Satluj. Thus British started annexing the area one by one and emerged as dominant powers … Read more

TYPE OF SETTLEMENT OF INDIA

Settlement can be defined as any form of human habitation which ranges from a single dwelling to large city. The word settlement has another connotation as well as this is a process of opening up and settling of a previously uninhabited area by the people. In geography this process is also known as occupancy. Settlements … Read more

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