Notes and Study material for Exams
The Solar System consists of the Sun and its eight main planets, their satellites, asteroids, comets, meteors and other dwarf planets. The Sun is at the one of the two “centers” of The Solar System and the planets revolving around it in elliptical orbits. The sun is in the centre of the solar system. It … Read more
–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> Data, Data processing, business data processing, data storage, file management system and data base management systems. Data, Data Processing and management System Data processing and data management are critical components of business organizations. DATA PROCESSING Data processing refers to the process of performing … Read more
QUICK REVISION SERIES RAS MAINS UNIT III :Part B- Management Modern Concept of Marketing: Modern concept of marketing concentrates majorly on consumer satisfaction. According to this concept, marketing starts from discovery of consumer needs and wants and ends with the satisfaction of those needs and wants. Draw flow chart like this: Survey … Read more
Rabindranath Tagore The centre of Tagore’s philosophy was man of god. Even his concept of God was influenced by the humanism inherent in his outlook. The supreme reality thus according to Tagore, essentially human and could be realised only through love of man. Love of God was thus translated into love of human. Tagore in … Read more
Foundation values for civil Services Values are the standards on which, we evaluate things. For every situation we don’t have time to ‘test’ the case on ethics theories such as utilitarianism. Values provide time saving short-cut in such situation. Under New public management (NPM), the concept of public services is fast changing. Bureaucrat has become directly … Read more
Eradication of Social and religious wrongs Social and Religious Issues Social issues (also social problem, social evil, and social conflict) refers to any undesirable condition that is opposed either by the whole Society or by a section of the society. It is an unwanted social condition, often objectionable, the continuance of which is harmful for … Read more
Administration and management: Meaning, nature and significance The English word ‗administer‘ is derived from a combination of two Latin words and ‗ministrate‘ meaning ‗to serve or manage‘. Literally, the term means management the affairs of public or private. Administration refers to mobilisation of Resources – human and material- to achieve pre-set of objectives. Administration is … Read more
There are five stages in the chronology of the evolution of Public Administration as a discipline; these stages are theoretically driven as encapsulated below: Stage 1: politics administration dichotomy (1887-1926) Stage 2: principles of administration (1927-1937) Stage 3: era of challenge (1938-1947) Stage 4: crises of identity (1948-1970) Stage 5: public policy perspective (1971 … Read more
FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT – STAFFING Staffing refers to the managerial function of employing and developing human Resources for carrying out the various managerial and non-managerial activities in an organisation. This involves determining the manpower requirement, and the methods of recruiting, selecting, training and developing the people for various positions created in the organisation. Staffing … Read more
FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT– DIRECTION (Communication,Supervision,Motivation,Leadership) Directing is concerned with instructing, guiding, supervising and inspiring people in the organisation to achieve its objectives. It is the process of telling people what to do and seeing that they do it in the best possiblemanner. Elements in Directing: The four essential elements in Directing are : … Read more