Notes and Study material for Exams
After being released in 1914, Tilak sought re-entry into Congress. Annie Besant and Gokhale supported. But finally Pherozshah Mehta won and Tilak was not admitted. Tilak and Besant decided to start The Home Rule Movement on their own. In early 1915, Annie Besant (and S Subramaniya Iyer) launched a campaign through her two newspapers, New … Read more
Famous Personalities India in the Eighteenth Century Administrative Organization of the British Growth of Communalism World War I and Indian Nationalism The Home Rule Movement Lucknow Pact (1916) Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms and Rowalt act Gandhi’s early career and activism Non Co-operation and Khilafat Movement Peasant Movements The Working Class Movements Struggles for Gurudwara Reform and Temple … Read more
Army Army fulfilled four important functions: Instrument to conquer Indian powers Defended the British Empire in India against foreign rivals Safe-guarded against internal revolt Chief instrument for extending and defending the British Empire in Asia and Africa. Bulk of the army consisted of Indians. In 1857, of the total strength of 311400, about 265900 were … Read more
[WATU 3] , The Delhi Sultanate was a Muslim empire that ruled over much of northern India from 1206 to 1526. It was founded by Qutb-ud-din Aibak, a former slave of Muhammad Ghori, who had conquered much of northern India in the 12th century. The Delhi Sultanate was a period of great political and cultural … Read more
[WATU 4] , The British Raj was the rule of the British East India Company and later the British Crown over India from 1757 to 1947. The Company established its first trading post at Surat in 1612, and gradually extended its control over the Indian subcontinent. The British Raj was a period of great change … Read more
[WATU 2] , The history of India is long and complex, dating back to the Indus Valley Civilization. This civilization flourished in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent from about 2600 to 1900 BCE. The Indus Valley people were skilled farmers, traders, and craftsmen. They built large cities with well-planned streets and Drainage Systems. … Read more
Simon Commission (1927) Indian Statutory Commission chaired by Simon to go into the question of further constitutional reform All its seven members were Englishmen. Clement Attlee was one of the members. Lord Birkinhead was the secretary of state at that time At its Madras session in 1927 INC decided to boycott the commission “at every … Read more
Lucknow Pact (1916) Nationalists saw that their disunity was affecting their cause Two important developments at the Lucknow Session of Congress The two wings of the Congress were again united The Congress and the Muslim League sank their old differences and put up common political demands before the government. INC and ML passed the same … Read more
Partition of Bengal With the partition of Bengal, Indian National Movement entered its second stage On 20 July, 1905, Lord Curzon issued an order dividing the province of Bengal into two parts: Eastern Bengal and Assam with a Population of 31 mn and the rest of Bengal with a population of 54 mn. Reason given: … Read more
Morley-Minto Reforms, 1909 Increased the number of elected members in the Imperial Legislative Council and the provincial council However, most of the elected members were elected indirectly The reformed councils still enjoyed no real power, being merely advisory bodies. Introduced separate electorates under which all Muslims were grouped in separate constituencies from which Muslims alone … Read more