Notes and Study material for Exams
Introduction India is very rich in forest Resources, with a large area under forest. All kinds of trees are found here varying from the deciduous, tropical hardwood trees to the evergreen and coniferous trees. Trees provide one with a wide range of products. From paper to paints, chemicals, housing and furniture, they … Read more
The Rise of Renewable Energy: A Sustainable Future Takes Shape The world is facing a critical juncture. Climate change, driven by our reliance on fossil fuels, poses an existential threat. The urgency to transition to a sustainable energy future is undeniable. Renewable energy sources, with their inherent ability to replenish themselves and minimize environmental impact, … Read more
Biopesticides Plants, growing in the wild or in cultivation, face numerous threats from insects, bacteria, viruses, and Fungi, as well as from other plants. Biopesticides are inert substances or living organisms that can help protect plants from such threats. Chemical pesticides can offer similar protection but, by contrast, are neither alive nor made by living … Read more
What is Renewable Energy? Renewable energy is energy that comes from natural sources or processes that are constantly replenished. These include sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat. Renewable energy does not produce greenhouse gases or other pollutants, and it is becoming increasingly affordable as technology improves. Why is Renewable Energy Important? Renewable energy … Read more
Pyrolysis and Gasification: Transforming Waste into Energy and Resources Introduction The world faces a growing challenge in managing its waste. Landfills are overflowing, and the environmental impact of waste disposal is becoming increasingly alarming. Simultaneously, the demand for energy and resources continues to rise. Pyrolysis and gasification offer promising solutions to these challenges, providing a … Read more
Sources of Energy: Conventional and Nonconventional Sources – Energy is one of the most important component of economic Biomass. These substances can be burnt to produce heat energy which can be used in the generation of electricity. Thus, the energy produced from the biomass is known as biomass energy. There are three forms of biomass: … Read more
Pyrolysis/Gasification Pyrolysis and gasification are two thermochemical conversion processes that are used to convert organic materials into a variety of products, including fuels, chemicals, and biochar. Pyrolysis is a thermal decomposition process that occurs in the absence of oxygen, while gasification is a partial oxidation process that occurs in the presence of a limited amount … Read more
India’s National Bio-Energy Mission: A Roadmap to Sustainable Energy Future Introduction India, with its vast population and rapidly growing energy demands, faces a critical challenge in balancing economic development with environmental sustainability. The country heavily relies on fossil fuels, contributing significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. To address this, India has embarked on … Read more
Electric power plant Electricity is produced at a an electric power plant. Some fuel source, such as coal, oil, natural gas, or Nuclear Energy produces heat. The heat is used to boil water to create steam. The steam under high pressure is used to spin a turbine. The spinning turbine interacts with a … Read more
Fuel Cells: The Future of Energy? Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert the chemical energy of a fuel, typically hydrogen, into electrical energy through a chemical reaction. Unlike batteries, which store energy, fuel cells continuously generate electricity as long as fuel and oxidant are supplied. This technology holds immense potential for a cleaner and … Read more