Notes and Study material for Exams
Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana (PMGKY): A Comprehensive Support System The COVID-19 pandemic brought unprecedented challenges to the world, impacting economies and livelihoods across the globe. India, with its vast population and diverse socioeconomic landscape, faced a particularly difficult situation. Recognizing the urgent need for support, the Indian government launched the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan … Read more
Rice The rice is cultivated on the largest areas in India. Historians believe that while the Indica variety of rice was first domesticated in the area covering the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas (i.e. north-eastern India).Rice is a nutritional staple food which provides instant energy as its most important component is carbohydrate (starch). Rice … Read more
8 Aviation Almost all modern aircraft are fitted with multiple GPS receivers. This provides pilots and sometimes passengers with a real-time aircraft position and map of each flight’s progress. GPS also allows airline operators to pre-select the safest, fastest and most fuel-efficient routes to each destination, and ensure that each route is followed as closely … Read more
Reforms and prospects of cooperative movement in Maharashtra India is a union of States. Co-operation is a State subject, i.e. falling within the scope of State legislation. Each State has its Co-operative Societies’ Act, as Maharashtra State Co-operative Societies Act, 1961, regulating the working of the co-operative movement in Maharashtra. Co-operative credit structure … Read more
Social Forestry The National Commission on agriculture, Government of India, first used the term ‘Social Forestry’ in 1976. It was then that India embarked upon a social forestry project with the aim of taking the pressure off the forests and making use of all unused and fallow land. Government forest areas that are close to … Read more
Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay SanraksHan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA): Ensuring Fair Prices and Protecting Farmers’ Incomes Introduction India, a nation heavily reliant on agriculture, faces a persistent challenge in ensuring the economic well-being of its farmers. Fluctuating market prices, inadequate storage facilities, and limited access to credit often leave farmers vulnerable to financial distress. Recognizing this critical … Read more
Economic Growth Economic growth means an increase in Real GDP. This increase in real GDP means there is an increase in the value of national output / national expenditure. Economic growth is an important macro-economic objective because it enables increased living standards and helps create new jobs. Measurement of Economic Growth Economic growth is … Read more
Permaculture: A Holistic Approach to Sustainable Living Permaculture, a word coined in 1978 by Australians Bill Mollison and David Holmgren, is a design system that seeks to create sustainable human settlements and agricultural systems. It’s not just about gardening; it’s a philosophy, a way of life, and a practical set of tools for creating a … Read more
The Alchemy of Soil: Unveiling the Secrets of Podzolization The Earth’s surface is a tapestry of diverse ecosystems, each with its unique set of environmental conditions. These conditions, in turn, shape the very foundation of life: the soil. Among the myriad processes that sculpt the soil, one stands out for its transformative power: podzolization. This … Read more
Natural Resources, their sustainable management and conservation A natural resource is something that is found in nature and can be used by people. Earth’s Natural Resources include Light, air, water, Plants, animals, Soil, stone, Minerals, and fossil fuels. People need some natural resources to stay alive. They use others to make their lives … Read more