Notes and Study material for Exams
What is desalination? Desalination is the process of removing salt from seawater to make it drinkable. It is a vital process in many parts of the world where fresh water is scarce. Water Scarcity Context Types of Desalination Technologies Thermal Processes Membrane Processes Energy Requirements Brine Disposal and Environmental Impacts Costs and Economic Considerations Current … Read more
The Unseen Threat: Splash Erosion and Its Impact on Soil Health Soil, the foundation of our food systems and ecosystems, is under constant threat from various forms of erosion. While wind and water erosion are often recognized as major culprits, a less visible but equally damaging force lurks beneath the surface: splash erosion. This article … Read more
Zero Tillage: A Revolution in Agriculture for a Sustainable Future Introduction Agriculture, the backbone of human civilization, has undergone a dramatic transformation over centuries. From traditional, labor-intensive methods to the mechanization of the 20th century, the quest for increased productivity has driven innovation. However, this relentless pursuit has come at a cost, with detrimental impacts … Read more
Concept of Biotechnology The term ‘Biotechnology’ may Sound futuristic, but it is nearly as old as civilization itself. We have begun growing crops and raising animals 10,000 years ago to provide a stable supply of food and clothing. We have been using the biological processes of Microorganisms for 6,000 years to make useful … Read more
NATURAL Resources OF INDIA What are Natural Resources ? Natural resources are useful raw materials that we get from the Earth. They occur naturally, which means that humans cannot make natural resources. Instead, we use and modify natural resources in ways that are beneficial to us. The materials used in human-made objects are natural resources. Some … Read more
Fertilizers All Plants need certain mineral nutrients to survive. These Minerals occur naturally in the Soil and are taken up from the soil by the roots of the plants. Most soils usually have enough of these minerals to keep plants healthy. However, some nutrients are gradually used up by the plants, or are washed out … Read more
Control of Pests and crop Disease agriculture is the single largest sector of India that provides the principal means of livelihood for over 58.4% of country’s Population. It contributes approximately one-fifth of the total gross domestic product (GDP). Agriculture accounts for about 10% of the total export earnings and provides raw material to … Read more
Subsidy is one of the powerful fiscal instruments, besides taxes and others, by which the objective of Growth and social Justice may be achieved. Subsidies alter relative prices and budget constraints and thereby affect decisions concerning production, consumption and allocation of Resources. Like many other countries, subsidies in Indian economy are pervasive. These … Read more
First Plan (1951 – 56) Target Growth : 2.1 % Actual Growth 3.6 % It was based on Harrod-Domar Model. Influx of refugees, severe food shortage & mounting Inflation confronted the country at the onset of the First Five Year Plan. The Plan Focussed on agriculture, price stability, power and transport It was a successful … Read more