<–2/”>a >E — WASTE
E-Waste is not hazardous if it is stocked in safe storage or recycled by scientific methods or transported from one place to the other in parts or in totality in the formal sector. The e-waste can be considered hazardous if recycled by primitive methods
Survey was carried out by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) during 2005
In India, among top ten cities; Mumbai ranks first in generating e-waste followed by Delhi, Bangalore, Chennai, Kolkata, Ahmadabad, Hyderabad, Pune, Surat and Nagpur.
SOLID WASTE
the discarded (abandoned or considered waste-like) materials does not include solid or dissolved materials in domestic sewage, or solid or dissolved materials in Irrigation return flows or industrial discharge s0 Conventional plastics have been associated with reproductive problems in both humans and wildlife.
Dioxin (highly carcinogenic and toxic) by-product of the manufacturing process is one of the chemicals believed to be passed on through breast milk to the nursing infant.
Burning of plastics, especially PVC releases this dioxin and also furan into the Atmosphere.
Pyrolysis-It is a process of combustion in absence of Oxygen or the material burnt under controlled atmosphere of oxygen. It is an alternative to incineration. The gas and liquid thus obtained can be used as fuels.
Waste minimization Circles (WMC)
helps Small and Medium Industrial Clusters in waste minimization in their industrial Plants. assisted by the World Bank with the Ministry of Environment and Forests acting as the nodal ministry. being implemented with the assistance of National Productivity Council (NPC), New Delhi.
aims to realise the objectives of the Policy Statement for Abatement of Pollution (1992), which states that the government should educate citizens about environmental risks, the economic and Health dangers of resource degradation and the real economic cost of natural Resources.
BIOREMEDIATION
the use of Microorganisms (bacteria and Fungi) to degrade the environmental contaminants into less toxic forms.
Phytoremediation/”>Phytoremediation
is use of plants to remove contaminants from Soil and water .
Rhizofiltration
- a water remediation technique that involves the uptake of contaminants by plant roots.
- used to reduce contamination in natural wetlands and estuary areas.
,
Solid Waste Management is the collection, transport, processing, and disposal of solid waste materials. It is an essential service that helps to protect public health and the environment.
Waste characterization is the process of identifying the types and quantities of solid waste generated. This information is used to develop effective waste management plans.
Waste collection is the process of gathering solid waste from homes, businesses, and other sources. Waste collection can be done manually or mechanically.
Waste transfer is the process of moving solid waste from collection points to processing or disposal facilities. Waste transfer can be done by truck, rail, or ship.
Waste processing is the process of converting solid waste into a form that is easier to manage or dispose of. Waste processing can include sorting, shredding, and compacting.
Waste disposal is the final step in solid waste management. It involves the safe and environmentally Sound placement of solid waste. Waste disposal can be done in landfills, incinerators, or other facilities.
Waste reduction is the process of decreasing the amount of solid waste generated. Waste reduction can be done through source reduction, reuse, and recycling.
Waste recycling is the process of converting solid waste into new products. Waste recycling can include paper, plastic, Metal, and glass recycling.
Waste composting is the process of converting organic solid waste into compost. Compost is a valuable soil amendment that can be used to improve crop yields.
Waste energy recovery is the process of converting solid waste into energy. Waste energy recovery can be done through incineration, gasification, or pyrolysis.
Waste incineration is the process of burning solid waste at high temperatures. Incineration can reduce the volume of solid waste by up to 90%.
Landfill is a disposal site for solid waste. Landfills are designed to minimize the environmental impact of solid waste disposal.
Waste management planning is the process of developing and implementing strategies to manage solid waste. Waste management planning should consider the needs of the community, the environment, and the economy.
Waste management policy is a set of rules and regulations that govern the management of solid waste. Waste management policy should be developed in consultation with all stakeholders.
Waste management legislation is a set of laws that govern the management of solid waste. Waste management legislation should be enforced to ensure compliance with waste management policy.
Waste management technology is the application of scientific and engineering principles to the management of solid waste. Waste management technology should be used to develop effective and efficient waste management solutions.
Waste management economics is the study of the costs and benefits of solid waste management. Waste management economics should be used to develop cost-effective waste management solutions.
Waste management social impacts are the effects of solid waste management on Society. Waste management social impacts should be considered in the development of waste management plans.
Waste management environmental impacts are the effects of solid waste management on the environment. Waste management environmental impacts should be considered in the development of waste management plans.
Waste management health impacts are the effects of solid waste management on human health. Waste management health impacts should be considered in the development of waste management plans.
Waste management occupational safety and health is the protection of workers from the hazards associated with solid waste management. Waste management occupational safety and health should be a priority in all waste management operations.
Waste management Education and training is the process of providing individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to manage solid waste. Waste management education and training should be provided to all stakeholders.
Waste management research and development is the process of developing new and innovative technologies for the management of solid waste. Waste management research and development should be a priority to ensure that the waste management Industry remains at the forefront of technology.
Waste management public outreach is the process of informing the public about solid waste management issues. Waste management public outreach should be conducted to increase public awareness of the importance of solid waste management.
Waste management advocacy is the process of promoting the interests of the waste management industry. Waste management advocacy should be conducted to ensure that the waste management industry has a voice in the development of public policy.
Waste management international cooperation is the process of working with other countries to manage solid waste. Waste management international cooperation can help to share knowledge and resources, and to develop effective waste management solutions.
Solid waste management is a complex and challenging issue. However, by understanding the different aspects of solid waste management, we can develop effective and efficient solutions to this important problem.
What is solid waste management?
Solid waste management is the collection, processing, and disposal of solid waste. It is a complex issue that involves a variety of stakeholders, including government agencies, businesses, and individuals.
What are the different types of solid waste?
Solid waste can be classified into two main categories: municipal solid waste (MSW) and industrial solid waste (ISW). MSW is the waste generated by households and businesses, while ISW is the waste generated by industrial and commercial activities.
What are the different methods of solid waste management?
There are a variety of methods of solid waste management, including:
- Collection: Solid waste is collected from homes and businesses and transported to a disposal site.
- Processing: Solid waste is processed to reduce its volume or to extract valuable materials.
- Disposal: Solid waste is disposed of in a landfill, incinerator, or other facility.
What are the benefits of solid waste management?
Solid waste management has a number of benefits, including:
- Protecting public health: Properly managing solid waste helps to prevent the spread of disease.
- Protecting the environment: Properly managing solid waste helps to protect air and water quality.
- Conserving resources: Properly managing solid waste can help to conserve resources such as water and energy.
- Creating jobs: The solid waste management industry employs millions of people around the world.
What are the challenges of solid waste management?
Solid waste management faces a number of challenges, including:
- The increasing amount of waste: The amount of solid waste generated is increasing every year.
- The lack of disposal sites: Many countries are running out of space to dispose of solid waste.
- The cost of management: Solid waste management is a costly process.
- The environmental impact: Solid waste management can have a negative impact on the environment.
What is the future of solid waste management?
The future of solid waste management is uncertain. However, there are a number of trends that are likely to shape the future of the industry, including:
- The increasing use of recycling and composting: Recycling and composting can help to reduce the amount of waste that needs to be disposed of.
- The development of new technologies: New technologies are being developed to make solid waste management more efficient and environmentally friendly.
- The changing public perception of waste: The public is becoming more aware of the environmental impact of waste, and this is likely to lead to changes in the way that waste is managed.
What can I do to help?
There are a number of things that you can do to help with solid waste management, including:
- Reduce the amount of waste that you generate: This can be done by recycling, composting, and avoiding disposable products.
- Recycle and compost: Recycling and composting can help to reduce the amount of waste that needs to be disposed of.
- Properly dispose of your waste: Make sure to dispose of your waste in a way that is safe and environmentally friendly.
- Support businesses that are committed to sustainability: Support businesses that are committed to reducing their environmental impact.
- Get involved in your community: Get involved in your community’s efforts to manage solid waste.
-
Which of the following is not a type of solid waste?
(A) Municipal solid waste
(B) Industrial solid waste
(C) Hazardous waste
(D) Medical waste -
Which of the following is the most common type of solid waste?
(A) Municipal solid waste
(B) Industrial solid waste
(C) Hazardous waste
(D) Medical waste -
Which of the following is the best way to reduce solid waste?
(A) Reduce, reuse, and recycle
(B) Bury it in landfills
(C) Burn it in incinerators
(D) Dump it in the ocean -
Which of the following is the most common method of solid waste disposal?
(A) Landfilling
(B) Incineration
(C) Recycling
(D) Composting -
Which of the following is the most environmentally friendly method of solid waste disposal?
(A) Landfilling
(B) Incineration
(C) Recycling
(D) Composting -
Which of the following is the most common type of landfill?
(A) Open dump
(B) Sanitary landfill
(C) MSW landfill
(D) Hazardous waste landfill -
Which of the following is the best way to prevent groundwater contamination from landfills?
(A) Line the landfill with clay
(B) Install a leachate collection system
(C) Monitor the groundwater quality
(D) All of the above -
Which of the following is the most common type of incinerator?
(A) Mass burn incinerator
(B) RDF incinerator
(C) Medical waste incinerator
(D) Hazardous waste incinerator -
Which of the following is the best way to prevent Air Pollution from incinerators?
(A) Install air pollution control devices
(B) Monitor the air quality
(C) Operate the incinerator at a high temperature
(D) All of the above -
Which of the following is the most common type of recycling?
(A) Paper recycling
(B) Metal recycling
(C) Plastic recycling
(D) Glass recycling -
Which of the following is the best way to prevent contamination of recycled materials?
(A) Sort the materials carefully
(B) Clean the materials before recycling
(C) Monitor the quality of the recycled materials
(D) All of the above -
Which of the following is the most common type of composting?
(A) Yard waste composting
(B) Food waste composting
(C) Animal manure composting
(D) All of the above -
Which of the following is the best way to prevent odors from composting facilities?
(A) Install aeration systems
(B) Cover the compost piles
(C) Monitor the odor levels
(D) All of the above -
Which of the following is the most common type of solid waste management problem?
(A) Landfills are running out of space
(B) Incinerators pollute the air
(C) Recycling is not cost-effective
(D) All of the above -
Which of the following is the best way to solve the solid waste management problem?
(A) Reduce the amount of waste we produce
(B) Recycle more
(C) Burn less waste
(D) All of the above