RAS(RTS) Exam Prelims Notes for Indian Constitution, Political System &Governance

Indian Constitution, Political System &Governance

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– Polity-ras/constitutional-development-indian-constitution/”>Constitutional Development & Indian Constitution :
Government of India Acts: 1919 and 1935, Constituent Assembly, Nature of Indian Constitution; Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State, Fundamental Duties, Federal Structure, Constitutional Amendments, Emergency Provisions, Public Interest Litigation (P.I.L.) and Judicial Review.
– Indian Political System and Governance :
– Nature of Indian State, Democracy in India, Reorganization of States, Coalition Governments, Political Parties, National Integration.
– Union and State Executive; Union and State Legislative, Judiciary
– President, Parliament, Supreme Court, Election Commission, Comptroller and Auditor General, Planning Commission, National Development Council, Central Vigilence Commission (CVC), Central Iinformation Commission , Lokpal, National Human Rights Commission (NHRC).
– Local Self Government & Panchayati Raj
– Public Policy & Rights
– National Public Policy as a welfare state.
– Various Legal Rights and Citizen Charter.
Political and Administrative System of Rajasthan
– Governor, Chief Minister, State Assembly, High Court, Rajasthan Public Service Commission, District Administration, State Human Rights Commission, Lokayukt, State Election Commission, State Information Commission.
– Public Policy, Legal Rights and Citizen Charter

The Indian Constitution is the supreme law of India. It was adopted on 26 November 1949, and came into effect on 26 January 1950. The Constitution provides for a parliamentary System of Government, with a President as the head of state and a Prime Minister as the head of government. The Constitution also guarantees certain fundamental rights to all citizens, including the right to Equality, the right to freedom, the right against exploitation, the right to freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, and the right to constitutional remedies.

The Preamble to the Constitution states that India is a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic. The Constitution also provides for a Federal System of Government, with power divided between the Union Government and the State Governments. The Union Government is responsible for matters of national importance, such as defence, foreign affairs, and currency. The State Governments are responsible for matters of local importance, such as Education, Health, and law and order.

The Constitution also provides for an Independent Judiciary, headed by The Supreme Court. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the land, and has the power to strike down laws that it deems to be unconstitutional. The Constitution also provides for a number of other institutions, such as the Election Commission, the Comptroller and Auditor General, and the Public Service Commission.

The Indian Constitution is a living document, and has been amended a number of times since it was adopted. The most recent amendment was the 104th Amendment, which was passed in 2019. The 104th Amendment provides for the introduction of a new system of judicial appointments, known as the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC).

The Indian Constitution is a remarkable document, and has been praised by many for its progressive and inclusive nature. It has been described as “one of the most important documents of the 20th century” and “a model for other countries to emulate.” The Constitution has also been credited with helping to promote peace and stability in India, and with helping to make India a major player on the world stage.

The Indian Constitution is a complex and detailed document, and it is impossible to do Justice to it in a short ARTICLE. However, I hope that this article has given you a basic understanding of the Constitution and its importance.

Here are some of the key features of the Indian Constitution:

It is a Written Constitution.
It is a supreme law.
It is a federal constitution.
It is a parliamentary system of government.
It is A Secular State.
It is a democratic republic.
It provides for fundamental rights.
It provides for Directive Principles of State Policy.
It provides for a federal system of government.
It provides for an independent judiciary.
It provides for a number of other institutions, such as the Election Commission, the Comptroller and Auditor General, and the Public Service Commission.

Here are some frequently asked questions and short answers on Indian Constitution, Political System & Governance:

What is the Preamble to the Indian Constitution?
The Preamble to the Indian Constitution is a brief introductory statement that sets out the guiding principles and philosophy of the Constitution. It states that India is a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic, and that it aims to secure justice, Liberty, equality, and Fraternity for all its citizens.
What are the Fundamental Rights guaranteed by the Indian Constitution?
The Fundamental Rights are a set of rights that are guaranteed to all citizens of India by the Constitution. These rights are:
Right to equality
Right to freedom
Right against exploitation
Right to freedom of religion
Cultural and educational rights
Right to constitutional remedies
What are the Directive Principles of State Policy?
The Directive Principles of State Policy are a set of principles that are laid down in the Constitution and that the State is supposed to follow in making laws and policies. These principles are:
To secure justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity for all citizens
To promote the welfare of the people
To raise the level of Nutrition and the standard of living of the people
To improve public health
To secure just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief
To protect children and youth against exploitation
To raise the level of Economic Development and to bring about economic equality
To provide for free and compulsory education for all children up to the age of 14 years
To promote scientific and technological research
To protect and improve the Environment and to safeguard forests and wildlife
To promote international peace and security
What are the three organs of the Indian government?
The three organs of the Indian government are the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary. The legislature is responsible for making laws, the executive is responsible for implementing laws, and the judiciary is responsible for interpreting laws.
What is the role of the President of India?
The President of India is the head of state of India. The President is elected by an electoral college consisting of members of both houses of Parliament and the legislative assemblies of all the states. The President’s role is largely ceremonial, but the President does have some important powers, such as the power to appoint the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers, the power to dissolve Parliament, and the power to veto laws passed by Parliament.
What is the Role of the Prime Minister of India?
The Prime Minister of India is the head of government of India. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President and is responsible for forming the Council of Ministers. The Prime Minister is the leader of the party or coalition that has the majority of seats in Parliament. The Prime Minister’s role is to oversee the day-to-day running of the government and to implement the policies of the government.
What is the role of the Supreme Court of India?
The Supreme Court of India is the highest court in India. The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in cases involving disputes between the central government and the state governments, and it has Appellate Jurisdiction in cases involving appeals from the High Courts. The Supreme Court also has the power to issue writs, which are orders that can be used to enforce the Constitution.
What is the role of the Election Commission of India?
The Election Commission of India is an independent body that is responsible for conducting Elections to the Parliament, the state legislatures, and the local bodies. The Election Commission is also responsible for registering political parties and for ensuring that elections are free and fair.
What is the role of the Reserve Bank of India?
The Reserve Bank of India is the central bank of India. The Reserve Bank is responsible for issuing currency, regulating the Banking system, and managing the country’s Foreign Exchange reserves. The Reserve Bank also has the power to set interest rates and to control the Money-supply-2/”>Money Supply.
What are the major challenges facing India today?
India is facing a number of challenges today, including POVERTY, illiteracy, Corruption, and Environmental Degradation. India is also facing the challenge of maintaining its unity and diversity in the face of growing Regionalism and Communalism.

1. The President of India is elected by an electoral college consisting of:
(a) Members of both Houses of Parliament and the Legislative Assemblies of the States.
(b) Members of both Houses of Parliament and the Legislative Assemblies of the States and the Union Territories.
(c) Members of both Houses of Parliament and the Legislative Assemblies of the States and the Legislative Councils of the States.
(d) Members of both Houses of Parliament and the Legislative Assemblies of the States and the Legislative Councils of the States and the National Capital Territory of Delhi and the Union Territory of Puducherry.

2. The Vice-President of India is elected by an electoral college consisting of:
(a) Members of both Houses of Parliament.
(b) Members of both Houses of Parliament and the Legislative Assemblies of the States.
(c) Members of both Houses of Parliament and the Legislative Assemblies of the States and the Union Territories.
(d) Members of both Houses of Parliament and the Legislative Assemblies of the States and the Legislative Councils of the States.

3. The Prime Minister of India is appointed by the:
(a) President of India.
(b) Vice-President of India.
(c) Speaker of the Lok Sabha.
(d) Chief Justice of India.

4. The Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the:
(a) President of India.
(b) Lok Sabha.
(c) Rajya Sabha.
(d) Supreme Court of India.

5. The Supreme Court of India consists of:
(a) The Chief Justice of India and not more than 30 other judges.
(b) The Chief Justice of India and not more than 25 other judges.
(c) The Chief Justice of India and not more than 20 other judges.
(d) The Chief Justice of India and not more than 15 other judges.

6. The power to amend the Constitution of India is vested in:
(a) The Parliament of India.
(b) The President of India.
(c) The Supreme Court of India.
(d) The Election Commission of India.

7. The Fundamental Rights guaranteed by the Constitution of India are:
(a) Right to equality, Right to freedom, Right against exploitation, Right to freedom of religion, Cultural and educational rights, and Right to constitutional remedies.
(b) Right to equality, Right to freedom, Right against exploitation, Right to freedom of religion, Cultural and educational rights, Right to Property, and Right to constitutional remedies.
(c) Right to equality, Right to freedom, Right against exploitation, Right to freedom of religion, Cultural and educational rights, Right to property, Right to constitutional remedies, and Right To Information.
(d) Right to equality, Right to freedom, Right against exploitation, Right to freedom of religion, Cultural and educational rights, Right to property, Right to constitutional remedies, Right to information, and Right to health.

8. The Directive Principles of State Policy are:
(a) Principles that are fundamental to the governance of the country and are intended to be implemented by the State.
(b) Principles that are not fundamental to the governance of the country and are not intended to be implemented by the State.
(c) Principles that are fundamental to the governance of the country but are not intended to be implemented by the State.
(d) Principles that are not fundamental to the governance of the country but are intended to be implemented by the State.

9. The Preamble to the Constitution of India states that India is a:
(a) Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic.
(b) Sovereign, Democratic, Republic.
(c) Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic.
(d) Democratic, Republic.

10. The Union Territories of India are:
(a) Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, Lakshadweep, Puducherry, and Ladakh.
(b) Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, Lakshadweep, Puducherry, and Delhi.
(c) Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, Lakshadweep, Puducherry, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
(d) Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, Lakshadweep, Puducherry, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.