Mains Syllabus of nhm cho Exam 2024

Table of Contents

Mains Syllabus of NHM CHO Exam 2024

The National Health Mission (NHM) conducts the Community Health Officer (CHO) exam to recruit qualified candidates for various health programs across India. The exam is divided into two stages: Prelims and Mains. While the Prelims test basic knowledge in subjects like General Knowledge, Reasoning, and Quantitative Aptitude, the Mains exam focuses on the core subjects related to Community Health.

This article provides a detailed breakdown of the Mains syllabus for the NHM CHO Exam 2024, covering the key topics and subtopics under each subject.

1. Community Health

This section forms the cornerstone of the CHO exam, emphasizing the practical application of health knowledge in community settings.

1.1. Principles of Community Health

Concept of Community Health: Definition, scope, and importance of community health.
Health Determinants: Social, environmental, and behavioral factors influencing health.
Health Indicators: Morbidity, mortality, and other indicators used to assess community health.
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention: Strategies for promoting health and preventing diseases in the community.
Community Participation: Role of community members in planning, implementing, and evaluating health programs.

1.2. Health Education and Communication

Health Education Principles: Theories and models of health education.
Communication Skills: Effective communication techniques for health education.
Health Communication Strategies: Designing and implementing health communication campaigns.
Health Education Materials: Development and utilization of various health education materials.
Evaluation of Health Education Programs: Assessing the effectiveness of health education interventions.

1.3. Epidemiology and Biostatistics

Basic Epidemiology: Concepts of disease occurrence, distribution, and determinants.
Epidemiological Methods: Data collection, analysis, and interpretation.
Disease Surveillance: Monitoring and reporting of disease outbreaks.
Biostatistics: Basic statistical concepts and methods used in health research.
Data Interpretation and Presentation: Analyzing and presenting health data effectively.

1.4. National Health Programs

National Health Mission (NHM): Objectives, strategies, and key programs under NHM.
RCH Program: Reproductive and Child Health program, including family planning, maternal health, and child health services.
National Vector Borne Disease Control Program: Strategies for controlling vector-borne diseases like malaria, dengue, and chikungunya.
National Tuberculosis Control Program: Strategies for controlling tuberculosis.
National Leprosy Eradication Program: Strategies for controlling leprosy.
Other National Health Programs: Awareness of other important national health programs.

1.5. Health Management and Administration

Health System in India: Structure and organization of the Indian health system.
Health Planning and Budgeting: Principles and process of health planning and budgeting.
Health Service Delivery: Different levels of health care delivery in India.
Health Infrastructure: Availability and utilization of health infrastructure.
Health Financing: Sources of health financing and their impact on health services.

1.6. Environmental Health

Environmental Hazards: Air, water, and soil pollution, and their impact on health.
Environmental Health Surveillance: Monitoring environmental factors affecting health.
Environmental Health Interventions: Strategies for mitigating environmental hazards.
Solid Waste Management: Principles and practices of solid waste management.
Water and Sanitation: Importance of safe water and sanitation for health.

1.7. Nutrition and Health

Nutritional Requirements: Understanding the nutritional needs of different age groups and life stages.
Malnutrition: Types, causes, and consequences of malnutrition.
Food Security: Ensuring access to adequate and nutritious food.
Nutrition Education: Promoting healthy eating habits in the community.
Nutritional Interventions: Strategies for addressing malnutrition.

1.8. Mental Health

Mental Health Issues: Common mental health disorders and their impact on individuals and communities.
Mental Health Promotion: Strategies for promoting mental well-being.
Mental Health Services: Availability and accessibility of mental health services.
Stigma and Discrimination: Addressing stigma and discrimination related to mental health.

1.9. Family Planning

Family Planning Methods: Different methods of contraception and their effectiveness.
Reproductive Health: Importance of reproductive health and family planning.
Reproductive Rights: Understanding reproductive rights and their implications.
Family Planning Counseling: Providing effective family planning counseling.

1.10. Disaster Management

Disaster Preparedness: Planning and preparing for disasters.
Disaster Response: Responding to disasters effectively.
Disaster Recovery: Recovering from disasters and rebuilding communities.
Community-Based Disaster Management: Role of communities in disaster management.

2. Public Health

This section delves into the broader aspects of public health, focusing on the collective health of populations.

2.1. Public Health Principles

Public Health Ethics: Ethical considerations in public health practice.
Health Equity: Addressing health disparities and promoting health equity.
Health Policy: Understanding and influencing health policies.
Health Advocacy: Advocating for improved health outcomes.

2.2. Health Systems and Services

Primary Health Care: Importance and role of primary health care in public health.
Secondary and Tertiary Health Care: Understanding the role of secondary and tertiary health care.
Health Insurance: Different types of health insurance schemes and their impact on health access.

2.3. Health Research and Evaluation

Research Methods: Understanding research methodologies used in public health.
Health Data Analysis: Analyzing and interpreting health data.
Program Evaluation: Evaluating the effectiveness of public health programs.

2.4. Global Health Issues

Emerging Infectious Diseases: Understanding the emergence and spread of infectious diseases.
Non-Communicable Diseases: Addressing the growing burden of non-communicable diseases.
Health Inequalities: Global health inequalities and their impact on health outcomes.

2.5. Health Informatics

Health Information Systems: Understanding the role of health information systems in public health.
Data Management: Managing and analyzing health data effectively.
Electronic Health Records: Utilizing electronic health records for improved health outcomes.

3. Basic Medical Sciences

This section covers fundamental medical concepts relevant to community health practice.

3.1. Anatomy and Physiology

Human Anatomy: Basic knowledge of human anatomy, including major organ systems.
Human Physiology: Understanding the functions of different organ systems.

3.2. Microbiology

Infectious Diseases: Understanding the causes, transmission, and prevention of infectious diseases.
Microorganisms: Knowledge of different types of microorganisms and their role in health and disease.

3.3. Pathology

Disease Processes: Understanding the mechanisms of disease development.
Common Diseases: Knowledge of common diseases and their pathophysiology.

3.4. Pharmacology

Drug Action: Understanding how drugs work in the body.
Common Medications: Knowledge of common medications used in community health.
Drug Interactions: Understanding potential drug interactions.

3.5. First Aid and Emergency Care

Basic First Aid: Providing basic first aid in emergency situations.
Emergency Medical Services: Understanding the role of emergency medical services.

4. General Knowledge

This section assesses general awareness and knowledge relevant to the role of a CHO.

4.1. Current Affairs

National and International Events: Awareness of current events in India and around the world.
Health-Related Issues: Understanding current health issues and policies.

4.2. Indian Polity and Governance

Constitution of India: Basic knowledge of the Indian Constitution.
Government Structure: Understanding the structure and functions of the Indian government.
Health Policies: Awareness of health policies and programs in India.

4.3. Geography and Environment

Indian Geography: Basic knowledge of Indian geography.
Environmental Issues: Understanding environmental issues and their impact on health.

4.4. History and Culture

Indian History: Basic knowledge of Indian history.
Indian Culture: Understanding Indian culture and traditions.

5. Logical Reasoning and Quantitative Aptitude

This section tests the candidate’s analytical and problem-solving skills.

5.1. Logical Reasoning

Verbal Reasoning: Analyzing and interpreting verbal information.
Non-Verbal Reasoning: Solving problems using diagrams and figures.
Logical Deduction: Drawing logical conclusions from given information.

5.2. Quantitative Aptitude

Basic Arithmetic: Operations on numbers, fractions, percentages, and ratios.
Data Interpretation: Analyzing and interpreting data presented in tables and graphs.
Problem Solving: Solving mathematical problems using logical reasoning.

Sample Tables

Table 1: Distribution of Marks for NHM CHO Mains Exam 2024

Subject	Marks
Community Health	100
Public Health	50
Basic Medical Sciences	50
General Knowledge	50
Logical Reasoning and Quantitative Aptitude	50
Total	300

Table 2: Key Topics Covered in Community Health Section

Topic	Subtopics
Principles of Community Health	Concept of Community Health, Health Determinants, Health Indicators, Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Community Participation
Health Education and Communication	Health Education Principles, Communication Skills, Health Communication Strategies, Health Education Materials, Evaluation of Health Education Programs
Epidemiology and Biostatistics	Basic Epidemiology, Epidemiological Methods, Disease Surveillance, Biostatistics, Data Interpretation and Presentation
National Health Programs	NHM, RCH Program, National Vector Borne Disease Control Program, National Tuberculosis Control Program, National Leprosy Eradication Program, Other National Health Programs
Health Management and Administration	Health System in India, Health Planning and Budgeting, Health Service Delivery, Health Infrastructure, Health Financing
Environmental Health	Environmental Hazards, Environmental Health Surveillance, Environmental Health Interventions, Solid Waste Management, Water and Sanitation
Nutrition and Health	Nutritional Requirements, Malnutrition, Food Security, Nutrition Education, Nutritional Interventions
Mental Health	Mental Health Issues, Mental Health Promotion, Mental Health Services, Stigma and Discrimination
Family Planning	Family Planning Methods, Reproductive Health, Reproductive Rights, Family Planning Counseling
Disaster Management	Disaster Preparedness, Disaster Response, Disaster Recovery, Community-Based Disaster Management

This detailed syllabus breakdown provides a comprehensive understanding of the NHM CHO Mains exam 2024. Candidates are advised to thoroughly prepare for each subject and subtopic to ensure success in the exam.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) and Short Answers for NHM CHO Mains Exam 2024

1. What are the key principles of community health?

Community health focuses on the well-being of entire populations, not just individuals.
It emphasizes addressing social, environmental, and behavioral factors influencing health.
Community participation is crucial for successful health programs.

2. How can I effectively communicate health information to the community?

Use clear, simple language and avoid technical jargon.
Tailor your message to the specific audience and their needs.
Use various communication channels, including visual aids and interactive activities.

3. What are some important health indicators used to assess community health?

Morbidity rates (incidence and prevalence of diseases)
Mortality rates (death rates)
Life expectancy
Maternal and child health indicators

4. What are the key objectives of the National Health Mission (NHM)?

To improve the overall health status of the population, especially in rural areas.
To reduce maternal and child mortality rates.
To control communicable diseases and promote non-communicable disease prevention.
To strengthen the health system and infrastructure.

5. What are some common environmental hazards affecting health?

Air pollution
Water pollution
Soil contamination
Noise pollution

6. What are the different types of malnutrition?

Undernutrition (stunting, wasting, underweight)
Overnutrition (obesity)
Micronutrient deficiencies (vitamin and mineral deficiencies)

7. What are some strategies for promoting mental well-being in the community?

Raising awareness about mental health issues and reducing stigma.
Providing access to mental health services.
Promoting healthy coping mechanisms and stress management techniques.

8. What are the different methods of family planning?

Barrier methods (condoms, diaphragms)
Hormonal methods (pills, implants, injections)
Intrauterine devices (IUDs)
Sterilization (tubal ligation, vasectomy)

9. What are the key principles of public health ethics?

Beneficence (acting in the best interests of the community)
Non-maleficence (avoiding harm)
Justice (fair and equitable distribution of health resources)
Autonomy (respecting individual choices and rights)

10. What are some important health policies in India?

National Health Policy 2017
Ayushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY)
National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)

11. What are some common research methodologies used in public health?

Observational studies (cohort studies, case-control studies)
Experimental studies (randomized controlled trials)
Qualitative research (interviews, focus groups)

12. What are some emerging infectious diseases of concern?

COVID-19
Ebola virus disease
Zika virus disease
Dengue fever

13. What are the key functions of health information systems?

Collecting and managing health data
Monitoring health trends and disease outbreaks
Evaluating the effectiveness of health programs
Supporting decision-making in public health

14. What are some basic first aid procedures?

Controlling bleeding
Treating burns
Performing CPR
Managing choking

15. What are some important current health issues in India?

Rising burden of non-communicable diseases
Air pollution and its impact on health
Malnutrition and food insecurity
Access to quality healthcare in rural areas

16. What are some key aspects of the Indian Constitution relevant to health?

Right to health (Article 21)
Directive Principles of State Policy (Article 47)
Fundamental Rights (Article 14, 19, 21)

17. What are some important environmental issues affecting health in India?

Deforestation and climate change
Water scarcity and pollution
Air pollution in urban areas
Waste management challenges

18. What are some key aspects of Indian history and culture relevant to health?

Traditional Indian medicine systems (Ayurveda, Unani)
Historical pandemics and disease outbreaks
Social and cultural factors influencing health practices

19. What are some important logical reasoning skills for the exam?

Deductive reasoning
Inductive reasoning
Analogical reasoning
Critical thinking

20. What are some important quantitative aptitude skills for the exam?

Basic arithmetic operations
Percentage calculations
Ratio and proportion
Data interpretation from tables and graphs
Problem-solving using mathematical concepts

These FAQs and short answers provide a starting point for your preparation for the NHM CHO Mains exam 2024. Remember to refer to the official syllabus and study materials for a comprehensive understanding of the topics.