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| Later Mughal Rulers | |
| Bahadur Shah I | After the death of Aurangzeb, prince Muazzam, Azam & Kam Bakhsh fought in |
| 1707-1712 | which Mauzzam emerged victorious & assumed the title of Bahadur Shah I. Banda |
| Bahadur who killed Wazir khanwas defeated by him. Was referred to as ‘Shah-i- | |
| Bekhabar’. | |
| Jahandar Shah | Later after Bahadur Shah’s death, his son Jahandar Shah came to power after killing |
| 1712-13 | his other brothers with the help of Zulfikar Khan. He made peace with the Jats, |
| Shahuji & honoured rajput kings. | |
| Farrukh Siyar | Nephew of Jahandar Shah, Farrukh Siyar killed him with the help of Sayyid |
| 1713-19 | brothers – Abdulla Khan (Wazir) & Hussain Ali Khan (Mir Bakshi). Farrukh Siyar |
| tried to check the powers of Sayyid brothers but the latter got him killed & crowned | |
| two princes Raffi-ud-Darajat, Raffi-ud-Daula in quick SUCCESSION. Later they made | |
| Muhammad Shah (Grandson of Bahadur Shah I) as the king. After his accession the | |
| Sayyid brothers fell victim to the intrigue of Turani Amirs. | |
| Muhammad | During his tenure most the independent kingdoms were established: Nizam-ul-Mulk |
| Shah Rangila | (Deccan), Saadat Khan (Awadh) & Murshid Quli Khan (Bengal). Iranian King |
| 1719-48 | Nadir Shah invaded in 1739 on invitation of Saadat Khan (Awadh). The latter was |
| imprisoned by Nadir Shah for not able to pay the promised ransom. Nadir Shah | |
| took the peacock throne & the Kohinoor diamond with him. | |
| Ahmad Shah | Son of Muhammad Shah. During his reign Ahmad Shah Abdali (claimed himself |
| 1748-54 | ruler of Kandhar after the assassination of Nadir Shah by Persian in 1747) |
| repeatedly attacked. Later Ahmad Shah was killed & deposed by his own Wazir | |
| Imad-ul-Mulk. | |
| Alamgir II | Actual name Aziz-ud-din. Frequency of Abdali attacks increased. [1754-59] |
| Shah Alam II | 1759-1806 |
| Akbar Shah II | 1806-1837 |
| Bahadur Shah II | 1837-57 |
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The Later Mughals were the rulers of the Mughal Empire in India from the death of Aurangzeb in 1707 to the deposition of Bahadur Shah Zafar in 1857. The period was marked by political instability, economic decline, and social unrest.
Aurangzeb was a powerful and ruthless ruler who expanded the Mughal Empire to its greatest extent. However, his reign was also marked by religious persecution and economic decline. After his death, the Mughal Empire began to decline rapidly. The Later Mughals were weak and ineffective rulers who were unable to control the empire. The empire was also weakened by internal conflicts and external threats, such as the MARATHA EMPIRE and the British East India Company.
The Later Mughals were also unable to prevent the decline of the Mughal Empire’s economy. The empire’s revenue declined due to a number of factors, including the loss of territory, the decline of agriculture, and the rise of Corruption. The Mughal Empire’s economy was also hurt by the British East India Company, which was able to control much of the empire’s trade.
The Later Mughals were also unable to prevent the decline of the Mughal Empire’s social order. The empire’s Society was divided into a number of Social Classes, including the Mughal nobility, the Muslim clergy, the Hindu upper class, and the peasantry. The Mughal nobility was weakened by internal conflicts and the loss of power. The Muslim clergy was also weakened by internal conflicts and the loss of power. The Hindu upper class was able to maintain its power, but it was also affected by the decline of the Mughal Empire’s economy. The peasantry was the most affected by the decline of the Mughal Empire. The peasantry suffered from high taxes, crop failures, and famine.
The Later Mughals were a weak and ineffective dynasty that was unable to prevent the decline of the Mughal Empire. The empire’s decline was caused by a number of factors, including political instability, economic decline, and social unrest. The Later Mughals were unable to control the empire, prevent the decline of the empire’s economy, or prevent the decline of the empire’s social order.
Here are some frequently asked questions and short answers about the Modern Period – Later Mughals:
- Who were the Later Mughals?
The Later Mughals were the rulers of the Mughal Empire in India from the death of Aurangzeb in 1707 to the deposition of Bahadur Shah II in 1857.
- What was the cause of the decline of the Mughal Empire?
The decline of the Mughal Empire was caused by a number of factors, including the death of Aurangzeb, who was a strong and capable ruler; the rise of regional powers; the economic decline of the empire; and the invasion of Nadir Shah of Persia.
- Who was the most famous Later Mughal ruler?
The most famous Later Mughal ruler was Aurangzeb, who ruled from 1658 to 1707. Aurangzeb was a powerful and ruthless ruler who expanded the Mughal Empire to its greatest extent. However, his policies alienated many of his subjects, and his reign was marked by religious persecution and political instability.
- What was the impact of the decline of the Mughal Empire on India?
The decline of the Mughal Empire had a profound impact on India. The empire’s collapse led to a period of political instability and economic decline. It also allowed for the rise of regional powers, such as the Marathas and the Sikhs.
- What were the achievements of the Later Mughals?
The Later Mughals made a number of achievements in the arts, architecture, and literature. They also built a number of impressive buildings, such as the Taj Mahal and the Red Fort.
- What were the failures of the Later Mughals?
The Later Mughals failed to maintain the stability and prosperity of the Mughal Empire. They also failed to address the economic problems of the empire.
- What was the legacy of the Later Mughals?
The legacy of the Later Mughals is mixed. They were responsible for some great achievements, but they also presided over the decline of the Mughal Empire. Their legacy is still debated by historians today.
- What are some of the key events in the history of the Later Mughals?
Some of the key events in the history of the Later Mughals include the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, the rise of regional powers in the 18th century, the invasion of Nadir Shah of Persia in 1739, and the deposition of Bahadur Shah II in 1857.
- Who were some of the key figures in the history of the Later Mughals?
Some of the key figures in the history of the Later Mughals include Aurangzeb, Bahadur Shah I, Jahandar Shah, Farrukhsiyar, Muhammad Shah, Ahmad Shah Bahadur, Alamgir II, Azim-ush-Shan, Shah Alam II, and Bahadur Shah II.
- What are some of the sources for the history of the Later Mughals?
Some of the sources for the history of the Later Mughals include contemporary accounts, such as the memoirs of the Mughal courtiers and historians, as well as archaeological evidence, such as coins and inscriptions.
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The Mughal Empire was founded by:
(a) Babur
(b) Akbar
(c) Jahangir
(d) Shah Jahan -
The Mughal Empire reached its peak under the reign of:
(a) Babur
(b) Akbar
(c) Jahangir
(d) Shah Jahan -
The Mughal Empire declined under the reign of:
(a) Aurangzeb
(b) Bahadur Shah I
(c) Jahandar Shah
(d) Farrukhsiyar -
The Mughal Empire was finally overthrown by:
(a) The British East India Company
(b) The Maratha Empire
(c) The Sikh Empire
(d) The Afghans -
The Mughal Empire was a Muslim empire that ruled over much of India from the 16th to the 18th centuries.
(a) True
(b) False -
The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur, a descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan.
(a) True
(b) False -
The Mughal Empire reached its peak under the reign of Akbar, who was a great military leader and a tolerant ruler.
(a) True
(b) False -
The Mughal Empire declined under the reign of Aurangzeb, who was a strict Muslim ruler who persecuted Hindus.
(a) True
(b) False -
The Mughal Empire was finally overthrown by the British East India Company in the 18th century.
(a) True
(b) False -
The Mughal Empire left a lasting legacy on Indian culture, architecture, and art.
(a) True
(b) False