{"id":91350,"date":"2025-06-01T10:53:59","date_gmt":"2025-06-01T10:53:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/?p=91350"},"modified":"2025-06-01T10:53:59","modified_gmt":"2025-06-01T10:53:59","slug":"with-reference-to-the-cultural-history-of-medieval-india-consider-the","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/with-reference-to-the-cultural-history-of-medieval-india-consider-the\/","title":{"rendered":"With reference to the cultural history of medieval India, consider the"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>With reference to the cultural history of medieval India, consider the following statements :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Siddhas (Sittars) of Tamil region were monotheistic and condemned idolatry.<\/li>\n<li>Lingayats of Kannada region questioned the theory of rebirth and rejected the caste hierarchy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/p>\n<p>[amp_mcq option1=&#8221;1 only&#8221; option2=&#8221;2 only&#8221; option3=&#8221;Both 1 and 2&#8243; option4=&#8221;Neither 1 nor 2&#8243; correct=&#8221;option3&#8243;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"psc-box-pyq-exam-year-detail\">\n<div class=\"pyq-exam\">\n<div class=\"psc-heading\">This question was previously asked in<\/div>\n<div class=\"psc-title line-ellipsis\">UPSC IAS &#8211; 2016<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pyq-exam-psc-buttons\"><a href=\"\/pyq\/pyq-upsc-ias-2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"psc-pdf-button\" rel=\"noopener\">Download PDF<\/a><a href=\"\/pyq-upsc-ias-2016\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"psc-attempt-button\" rel=\"noopener\">Attempt Online<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"pyq-correct-answer\">\nThe correct answer is C) Both 1 and 2. Both statements correctly describe key aspects of the Siddhas (Sittars) of the Tamil region and the Lingayats of the Kannada region in medieval India.<br \/>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"pyq-key-points\">\n&#8211; Statement 1 is correct: The Siddhas (or Sittars) were mystic saints in Tamil Nadu known for their heterodox views. They often critiqued traditional Brahmanical practices, including caste hierarchy and idol worship, emphasizing an inner spiritual path. Many of their teachings can be interpreted as leaning towards monotheism, focusing on the ultimate reality (often Shiva) beyond forms.<br \/>\n&#8211; Statement 2 is correct: The Lingayats (Virashaivas), founded by Basavanna in the 12th century in the Karnataka region, strongly rejected caste hierarchy and traditional rituals. They questioned the theory of rebirth (samsara) as understood in conventional Hinduism, focusing instead on achieving union with the divine (isto-linga) and transcending the cycle of birth and death in this life.<br \/>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"pyq-additional-information\">\nBoth Siddha and Lingayat movements represented significant challenges to the prevailing social and religious norms of their time, promoting more egalitarian and personal paths to spirituality.<br \/>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With reference to the cultural history of medieval India, consider the following statements : Siddhas (Sittars) of Tamil region were monotheistic and condemned idolatry. Lingayats of Kannada region questioned the theory of rebirth and rejected the caste hierarchy. Which of the statements given above is\/are correct? [amp_mcq option1=&#8221;1 only&#8221; option2=&#8221;2 only&#8221; option3=&#8221;Both 1 and 2&#8243; &#8230; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more-container\"><a title=\"With reference to the cultural history of medieval India, consider the\" class=\"read-more button\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/with-reference-to-the-cultural-history-of-medieval-india-consider-the\/#more-91350\">Detailed Solution<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">With reference to the cultural history of medieval India, consider the<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1092],"tags":[1098,1176,1122],"class_list":["post-91350","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc-ias","tag-1098","tag-bhakti-and-sufi-movement","tag-medieval-history-of-india","no-featured-image-padding"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.2 (Yoast SEO v23.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>With reference to the cultural history of medieval India, consider the<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The correct answer is C) Both 1 and 2. Both statements correctly describe key aspects of the Siddhas (Sittars) of the Tamil region and the Lingayats of the Kannada region in medieval India. - Statement 1 is correct: The Siddhas (or Sittars) were mystic saints in Tamil Nadu known for their heterodox views. They often critiqued traditional Brahmanical practices, including caste hierarchy and idol worship, emphasizing an inner spiritual path. Many of their teachings can be interpreted as leaning towards monotheism, focusing on the ultimate reality (often Shiva) beyond forms. - Statement 2 is correct: The Lingayats (Virashaivas), founded by Basavanna in the 12th century in the Karnataka region, strongly rejected caste hierarchy and traditional rituals. They questioned the theory of rebirth (samsara) as understood in conventional Hinduism, focusing instead on achieving union with the divine (isto-linga) and transcending the cycle of birth and death in this life.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/with-reference-to-the-cultural-history-of-medieval-india-consider-the\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"With reference to the cultural history of medieval India, consider the\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The correct answer is C) Both 1 and 2. Both statements correctly describe key aspects of the Siddhas (Sittars) of the Tamil region and the Lingayats of the Kannada region in medieval India. - Statement 1 is correct: The Siddhas (or Sittars) were mystic saints in Tamil Nadu known for their heterodox views. They often critiqued traditional Brahmanical practices, including caste hierarchy and idol worship, emphasizing an inner spiritual path. Many of their teachings can be interpreted as leaning towards monotheism, focusing on the ultimate reality (often Shiva) beyond forms. - Statement 2 is correct: The Lingayats (Virashaivas), founded by Basavanna in the 12th century in the Karnataka region, strongly rejected caste hierarchy and traditional rituals. They questioned the theory of rebirth (samsara) as understood in conventional Hinduism, focusing instead on achieving union with the divine (isto-linga) and transcending the cycle of birth and death in this life.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/with-reference-to-the-cultural-history-of-medieval-india-consider-the\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"MCQ and Quiz for Exams\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-06-01T10:53:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"rawan239\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"rawan239\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"With reference to the cultural history of medieval India, consider the","description":"The correct answer is C) Both 1 and 2. Both statements correctly describe key aspects of the Siddhas (Sittars) of the Tamil region and the Lingayats of the Kannada region in medieval India. - Statement 1 is correct: The Siddhas (or Sittars) were mystic saints in Tamil Nadu known for their heterodox views. They often critiqued traditional Brahmanical practices, including caste hierarchy and idol worship, emphasizing an inner spiritual path. Many of their teachings can be interpreted as leaning towards monotheism, focusing on the ultimate reality (often Shiva) beyond forms. - Statement 2 is correct: The Lingayats (Virashaivas), founded by Basavanna in the 12th century in the Karnataka region, strongly rejected caste hierarchy and traditional rituals. They questioned the theory of rebirth (samsara) as understood in conventional Hinduism, focusing instead on achieving union with the divine (isto-linga) and transcending the cycle of birth and death in this life.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/with-reference-to-the-cultural-history-of-medieval-india-consider-the\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"With reference to the cultural history of medieval India, consider the","og_description":"The correct answer is C) Both 1 and 2. Both statements correctly describe key aspects of the Siddhas (Sittars) of the Tamil region and the Lingayats of the Kannada region in medieval India. - Statement 1 is correct: The Siddhas (or Sittars) were mystic saints in Tamil Nadu known for their heterodox views. They often critiqued traditional Brahmanical practices, including caste hierarchy and idol worship, emphasizing an inner spiritual path. Many of their teachings can be interpreted as leaning towards monotheism, focusing on the ultimate reality (often Shiva) beyond forms. - Statement 2 is correct: The Lingayats (Virashaivas), founded by Basavanna in the 12th century in the Karnataka region, strongly rejected caste hierarchy and traditional rituals. They questioned the theory of rebirth (samsara) as understood in conventional Hinduism, focusing instead on achieving union with the divine (isto-linga) and transcending the cycle of birth and death in this life.","og_url":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/with-reference-to-the-cultural-history-of-medieval-india-consider-the\/","og_site_name":"MCQ and Quiz for Exams","article_published_time":"2025-06-01T10:53:59+00:00","author":"rawan239","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"rawan239","Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/with-reference-to-the-cultural-history-of-medieval-india-consider-the\/","url":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/with-reference-to-the-cultural-history-of-medieval-india-consider-the\/","name":"With reference to the cultural history of medieval India, consider the","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-06-01T10:53:59+00:00","dateModified":"2025-06-01T10:53:59+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/#\/schema\/person\/5807dafeb27d2ec82344d6cbd6c3d209"},"description":"The correct answer is C) Both 1 and 2. Both statements correctly describe key aspects of the Siddhas (Sittars) of the Tamil region and the Lingayats of the Kannada region in medieval India. - Statement 1 is correct: The Siddhas (or Sittars) were mystic saints in Tamil Nadu known for their heterodox views. They often critiqued traditional Brahmanical practices, including caste hierarchy and idol worship, emphasizing an inner spiritual path. Many of their teachings can be interpreted as leaning towards monotheism, focusing on the ultimate reality (often Shiva) beyond forms. - Statement 2 is correct: The Lingayats (Virashaivas), founded by Basavanna in the 12th century in the Karnataka region, strongly rejected caste hierarchy and traditional rituals. They questioned the theory of rebirth (samsara) as understood in conventional Hinduism, focusing instead on achieving union with the divine (isto-linga) and transcending the cycle of birth and death in this life.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/with-reference-to-the-cultural-history-of-medieval-india-consider-the\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/with-reference-to-the-cultural-history-of-medieval-india-consider-the\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/with-reference-to-the-cultural-history-of-medieval-india-consider-the\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"UPSC IAS","item":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/category\/upsc-ias\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"With reference to the cultural history of medieval India, consider the"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/#website","url":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/","name":"MCQ and Quiz for Exams","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/#\/schema\/person\/5807dafeb27d2ec82344d6cbd6c3d209","name":"rawan239","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/761a7274f9cce048fa5b921221e7934820d74514df93ef195a9d22af0c1c9001?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/761a7274f9cce048fa5b921221e7934820d74514df93ef195a9d22af0c1c9001?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"rawan239"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com"],"url":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/author\/rawan239\/"}]}},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91350","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=91350"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91350\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=91350"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=91350"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=91350"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}