{"id":90457,"date":"2025-06-01T10:28:58","date_gmt":"2025-06-01T10:28:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/?p=90457"},"modified":"2025-06-01T10:28:58","modified_gmt":"2025-06-01T10:28:58","slug":"which-one-of-the-following-methods-can-be-used-to-remove-permanent-har","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/which-one-of-the-following-methods-can-be-used-to-remove-permanent-har\/","title":{"rendered":"Which one of the following methods can be used to remove permanent har"},"content":{"rendered":"

Which one of the following methods can be used to remove permanent hardness of water ?<\/p>\n

[amp_mcq option1=”Boiling” option2=”Ion-exchange” option3=”Lime treatment” option4=”Bubbling sulphur dioxide gas” correct=”option2″]<\/p>\n

\n
\n
This question was previously asked in<\/div>\n
UPSC CAPF – 2020<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
Download PDF<\/a>Attempt Online<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\nThe Ion-exchange method can be used to remove permanent hardness of water.
\n<\/section>\n
\nPermanent hardness in water is caused by dissolved sulfates and chlorides of calcium and magnesium, which do not precipitate out upon boiling. The ion-exchange method, using materials like zeolite or synthetic resin, replaces the hard ions (Ca2+, Mg2+) with soft ions (usually Na+). This process is effective in removing both temporary and permanent hardness.
\n<\/section>\n
\nA) Boiling removes only temporary hardness (caused by bicarbonates). C) Lime treatment primarily removes temporary hardness by precipitating calcium and magnesium bicarbonates. Adding lime and soda ash (lime-soda process) can remove both. D) Bubbling sulfur dioxide gas through water forms sulfurous acid, which does not effectively remove the ions responsible for permanent hardness and is not a standard water softening method.
\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Which one of the following methods can be used to remove permanent hardness of water ? [amp_mcq option1=”Boiling” option2=”Ion-exchange” option3=”Lime treatment” option4=”Bubbling sulphur dioxide gas” correct=”option2″] This question was previously asked in UPSC CAPF – 2020 Download PDFAttempt Online The Ion-exchange method can be used to remove permanent hardness of water. Permanent hardness in water … <\/p>\n

Detailed SolutionWhich one of the following methods can be used to remove permanent har<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1085],"tags":[1288,1096,1155],"class_list":["post-90457","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc-capf","tag-1288","tag-chemistry","tag-physical-and-chemical-changes-solution","no-featured-image-padding"],"yoast_head":"\nWhich one of the following methods can be used to remove permanent har<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Ion-exchange method can be used to remove permanent hardness of water. Permanent hardness in water is caused by dissolved sulfates and chlorides of calcium and magnesium, which do not precipitate out upon boiling. The ion-exchange method, using materials like zeolite or synthetic resin, replaces the hard ions (Ca2+, Mg2+) with soft ions (usually Na+). This process is effective in removing both temporary and permanent hardness.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/which-one-of-the-following-methods-can-be-used-to-remove-permanent-har\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Which one of the following methods can be used to remove permanent har\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Ion-exchange method can be used to remove permanent hardness of water. Permanent hardness in water is caused by dissolved sulfates and chlorides of calcium and magnesium, which do not precipitate out upon boiling. The ion-exchange method, using materials like zeolite or synthetic resin, replaces the hard ions (Ca2+, Mg2+) with soft ions (usually Na+). 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