\nA. Bakasht Land Movement: This movement, prominent in Bihar in the late 1930s, particularly under the leadership of Swami Sahajanand Saraswati and his Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha, involved peasants fighting for the restoration of Bakasht lands (lands previously cultivated by tenants but resumed by landlords often through forced evictions). Karyanand Sharma was a prominent leader of the Kisan Sabha in Bihar and was actively involved in leading struggles related to Bakasht lands, such as the memorable ghoshana of “Kaise loge malguzari, Latth hamara zindabad” (How will you collect rent, Long live our lathi\/stick) in Munger.
\nB. Eka Movement: This movement emerged in the Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh in 1921-22. Its main grievances were related to high rents, oppression by landlords, and forced labour (begar). The movement was led by Madari Pasi and other low-caste leaders.
\nC. Mappila Rebellion: A series of revolts by the Mappila Muslim peasants against the British and Hindu landlords (jenmis) in the Malabar region of Kerala, culminating in the major uprising of 1921. Variyamkunnath Kunjahammed Haji was one of the principal leaders of the 1921 rebellion.
\nD. Avadh Kisan Sabha Movement: Formed in October 1920, the Awadh Kisan Sabha consolidated the activities of the Kisan movement in the Awadh region. One of its key figures was Baba Ramchandra, a sanyasi who had earlier organised peasants in Pratapgarh.
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