{"id":85381,"date":"2025-06-01T03:15:01","date_gmt":"2025-06-01T03:15:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/?p=85381"},"modified":"2025-06-01T03:15:01","modified_gmt":"2025-06-01T03:15:01","slug":"consider-the-following-statementswhile-diluting-concentrated-nitric","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/consider-the-following-statementswhile-diluting-concentrated-nitric\/","title":{"rendered":"Consider the following statements:\nWhile diluting concentrated nitric"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Consider the following statements:<br \/>\nWhile diluting concentrated nitric acid solution<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>the concentration of [H<sub>3<\/sub>O<sup>+<\/sup>] ions\/ volume increases<\/li>\n<li>water must be added slowly to concentrated acid<\/li>\n<li>acid must be added slowly to water<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Which of the statements given above is\/are correct?<\/p>\n<p>[amp_mcq option1=&#8221;1, 2 and 3&#8243; option2=&#8221;1 and 2 only&#8221; option3=&#8221;3 only&#8221; option4=&#8221;2 and 3 only&#8221; correct=&#8221;option3&#8243;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"psc-box-pyq-exam-year-detail\">\n<div class=\"pyq-exam\">\n<div class=\"psc-heading\">This question was previously asked in<\/div>\n<div class=\"psc-title line-ellipsis\">UPSC CDS-1 &#8211; 2023<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pyq-exam-psc-buttons\"><a href=\"\/pyq\/pyq-upsc-cds-1-2023.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"psc-pdf-button\" rel=\"noopener\">Download PDF<\/a><a href=\"\/pyq-upsc-cds-1-2023\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"psc-attempt-button\" rel=\"noopener\">Attempt Online<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section id=\"pyq-correct-answer\">\nLet&#8217;s evaluate each statement:<br \/>\n1. the concentration of [H\u2083O\u207a] ions\/ volume increases: When diluting a concentrated acid by adding water, the *volume* of the solution increases significantly. While the total amount of H\u2083O\u207a ions might increase slightly due to more complete ionization in a more dilute solution, the increase in volume is much larger, leading to a *decrease* in the concentration of H\u2083O\u207a ions per unit volume. This statement is incorrect.<br \/>\n2. water must be added slowly to concentrated acid: Adding water to concentrated acid is a highly exothermic process. Adding water directly to concentrated acid can generate a large amount of heat rapidly, causing the water to boil and potentially splash corrosive acid out of the container. This is a dangerous procedure. This statement is incorrect.<br \/>\n3. acid must be added slowly to water: The correct and safe way to dilute concentrated acid is to add the concentrated acid slowly, drop by drop, to a large volume of water while stirring constantly. This method allows the heat generated by the exothermic reaction to be absorbed by the larger volume of water, preventing dangerous temperature increases and splashing. This statement is correct.<br \/>\nBased on the analysis, only statement 3 is correct.<br \/>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"pyq-key-points\">\n&#8211; Dilution of concentrated acid is a highly exothermic process.<br \/>\n&#8211; Always add acid to water, not water to acid, for safety.<br \/>\n&#8211; Dilution decreases the concentration of hydronium ions.<br \/>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"pyq-additional-information\">\nThe rule &#8220;Add Acid to Water, like A&#038;W Root Beer&#8221; is a mnemonic to remember the correct dilution procedure. Stirring is important to ensure even distribution of heat and reactants. Wearing appropriate safety gear like goggles and gloves is essential when handling concentrated acids.<br \/>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Consider the following statements: While diluting concentrated nitric acid solution the concentration of [H3O+] ions\/ volume increases water must be added slowly to concentrated acid acid must be added slowly to water Which of the statements given above is\/are correct? [amp_mcq option1=&#8221;1, 2 and 3&#8243; option2=&#8221;1 and 2 only&#8221; option3=&#8221;3 only&#8221; option4=&#8221;2 and 3 only&#8221; &#8230; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more-container\"><a title=\"Consider the following statements:\nWhile diluting concentrated nitric\" class=\"read-more button\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/consider-the-following-statementswhile-diluting-concentrated-nitric\/#more-85381\">Detailed Solution<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Consider the following statements:<br \/>\nWhile diluting concentrated nitric<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1087],"tags":[1105,1202,1096],"class_list":["post-85381","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-upsc-cds-1","tag-1105","tag-acid-base-and-salt","tag-chemistry","no-featured-image-padding"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.2 (Yoast SEO v23.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Consider the following statements: While diluting concentrated nitric<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Let&#039;s evaluate each statement: 1. the concentration of [H\u2083O\u207a] ions\/ volume increases: When diluting a concentrated acid by adding water, the *volume* of the solution increases significantly. While the total amount of H\u2083O\u207a ions might increase slightly due to more complete ionization in a more dilute solution, the increase in volume is much larger, leading to a *decrease* in the concentration of H\u2083O\u207a ions per unit volume. This statement is incorrect. 2. water must be added slowly to concentrated acid: Adding water to concentrated acid is a highly exothermic process. Adding water directly to concentrated acid can generate a large amount of heat rapidly, causing the water to boil and potentially splash corrosive acid out of the container. This is a dangerous procedure. This statement is incorrect. 3. acid must be added slowly to water: The correct and safe way to dilute concentrated acid is to add the concentrated acid slowly, drop by drop, to a large volume of water while stirring constantly. This method allows the heat generated by the exothermic reaction to be absorbed by the larger volume of water, preventing dangerous temperature increases and splashing. This statement is correct. Based on the analysis, only statement 3 is correct. - Dilution of concentrated acid is a highly exothermic process. - Always add acid to water, not water to acid, for safety. - Dilution decreases the concentration of hydronium ions.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/consider-the-following-statementswhile-diluting-concentrated-nitric\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Consider the following statements: While diluting concentrated nitric\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Let&#039;s evaluate each statement: 1. the concentration of [H\u2083O\u207a] ions\/ volume increases: When diluting a concentrated acid by adding water, the *volume* of the solution increases significantly. While the total amount of H\u2083O\u207a ions might increase slightly due to more complete ionization in a more dilute solution, the increase in volume is much larger, leading to a *decrease* in the concentration of H\u2083O\u207a ions per unit volume. This statement is incorrect. 2. water must be added slowly to concentrated acid: Adding water to concentrated acid is a highly exothermic process. Adding water directly to concentrated acid can generate a large amount of heat rapidly, causing the water to boil and potentially splash corrosive acid out of the container. This is a dangerous procedure. This statement is incorrect. 3. acid must be added slowly to water: The correct and safe way to dilute concentrated acid is to add the concentrated acid slowly, drop by drop, to a large volume of water while stirring constantly. This method allows the heat generated by the exothermic reaction to be absorbed by the larger volume of water, preventing dangerous temperature increases and splashing. This statement is correct. Based on the analysis, only statement 3 is correct. - Dilution of concentrated acid is a highly exothermic process. - Always add acid to water, not water to acid, for safety. - Dilution decreases the concentration of hydronium ions.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/consider-the-following-statementswhile-diluting-concentrated-nitric\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"MCQ and Quiz for Exams\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-06-01T03:15:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"rawan239\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"rawan239\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Consider the following statements: While diluting concentrated nitric","description":"Let's evaluate each statement: 1. the concentration of [H\u2083O\u207a] ions\/ volume increases: When diluting a concentrated acid by adding water, the *volume* of the solution increases significantly. While the total amount of H\u2083O\u207a ions might increase slightly due to more complete ionization in a more dilute solution, the increase in volume is much larger, leading to a *decrease* in the concentration of H\u2083O\u207a ions per unit volume. This statement is incorrect. 2. water must be added slowly to concentrated acid: Adding water to concentrated acid is a highly exothermic process. Adding water directly to concentrated acid can generate a large amount of heat rapidly, causing the water to boil and potentially splash corrosive acid out of the container. This is a dangerous procedure. This statement is incorrect. 3. acid must be added slowly to water: The correct and safe way to dilute concentrated acid is to add the concentrated acid slowly, drop by drop, to a large volume of water while stirring constantly. This method allows the heat generated by the exothermic reaction to be absorbed by the larger volume of water, preventing dangerous temperature increases and splashing. This statement is correct. Based on the analysis, only statement 3 is correct. - Dilution of concentrated acid is a highly exothermic process. - Always add acid to water, not water to acid, for safety. - Dilution decreases the concentration of hydronium ions.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/consider-the-following-statementswhile-diluting-concentrated-nitric\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Consider the following statements: While diluting concentrated nitric","og_description":"Let's evaluate each statement: 1. the concentration of [H\u2083O\u207a] ions\/ volume increases: When diluting a concentrated acid by adding water, the *volume* of the solution increases significantly. While the total amount of H\u2083O\u207a ions might increase slightly due to more complete ionization in a more dilute solution, the increase in volume is much larger, leading to a *decrease* in the concentration of H\u2083O\u207a ions per unit volume. This statement is incorrect. 2. water must be added slowly to concentrated acid: Adding water to concentrated acid is a highly exothermic process. Adding water directly to concentrated acid can generate a large amount of heat rapidly, causing the water to boil and potentially splash corrosive acid out of the container. This is a dangerous procedure. This statement is incorrect. 3. acid must be added slowly to water: The correct and safe way to dilute concentrated acid is to add the concentrated acid slowly, drop by drop, to a large volume of water while stirring constantly. This method allows the heat generated by the exothermic reaction to be absorbed by the larger volume of water, preventing dangerous temperature increases and splashing. This statement is correct. Based on the analysis, only statement 3 is correct. - Dilution of concentrated acid is a highly exothermic process. - Always add acid to water, not water to acid, for safety. - Dilution decreases the concentration of hydronium ions.","og_url":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/consider-the-following-statementswhile-diluting-concentrated-nitric\/","og_site_name":"MCQ and Quiz for Exams","article_published_time":"2025-06-01T03:15:01+00:00","author":"rawan239","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"rawan239","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/consider-the-following-statementswhile-diluting-concentrated-nitric\/","url":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/consider-the-following-statementswhile-diluting-concentrated-nitric\/","name":"Consider the following statements: While diluting concentrated nitric","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-06-01T03:15:01+00:00","dateModified":"2025-06-01T03:15:01+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/#\/schema\/person\/5807dafeb27d2ec82344d6cbd6c3d209"},"description":"Let's evaluate each statement: 1. the concentration of [H\u2083O\u207a] ions\/ volume increases: When diluting a concentrated acid by adding water, the *volume* of the solution increases significantly. While the total amount of H\u2083O\u207a ions might increase slightly due to more complete ionization in a more dilute solution, the increase in volume is much larger, leading to a *decrease* in the concentration of H\u2083O\u207a ions per unit volume. This statement is incorrect. 2. water must be added slowly to concentrated acid: Adding water to concentrated acid is a highly exothermic process. Adding water directly to concentrated acid can generate a large amount of heat rapidly, causing the water to boil and potentially splash corrosive acid out of the container. This is a dangerous procedure. This statement is incorrect. 3. acid must be added slowly to water: The correct and safe way to dilute concentrated acid is to add the concentrated acid slowly, drop by drop, to a large volume of water while stirring constantly. This method allows the heat generated by the exothermic reaction to be absorbed by the larger volume of water, preventing dangerous temperature increases and splashing. This statement is correct. Based on the analysis, only statement 3 is correct. - Dilution of concentrated acid is a highly exothermic process. - Always add acid to water, not water to acid, for safety. - Dilution decreases the concentration of hydronium ions.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/consider-the-following-statementswhile-diluting-concentrated-nitric\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/consider-the-following-statementswhile-diluting-concentrated-nitric\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/consider-the-following-statementswhile-diluting-concentrated-nitric\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"UPSC CDS-1","item":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/category\/upsc-cds-1\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Consider the following statements: While diluting concentrated nitric"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/#website","url":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/","name":"MCQ and Quiz for Exams","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/#\/schema\/person\/5807dafeb27d2ec82344d6cbd6c3d209","name":"rawan239","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/761a7274f9cce048fa5b921221e7934820d74514df93ef195a9d22af0c1c9001?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/761a7274f9cce048fa5b921221e7934820d74514df93ef195a9d22af0c1c9001?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"rawan239"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com"],"url":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/author\/rawan239\/"}]}},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85381","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=85381"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85381\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=85381"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=85381"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/mcq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=85381"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}