With reference to the International Union for Conservation of Nature a

With reference to the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), which of the following statements is/are correct?

  • 1. IUCN is an organ of the United Nations and CITES is an international agreement between governments.
  • 2. IUCN runs thousands of field projects around the world to better manage natural environments.
  • 3. CITES is legally binding on the States that have joined it, but this Convention does not take the place of national laws.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1 only
2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
This question was previously asked in
UPSC IAS – 2015
Statements 2 and 3 are correct regarding the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES).
IUCN is a membership union composed of both government and civil society organisations; it is not an organ of the United Nations (Statement 1 is incorrect). IUCN is widely involved in conservation efforts globally, including running field projects (Statement 2 is correct). CITES is an international agreement between governments that is legally binding on its member states (Part of Statement 1 correct, but overall incorrect due to IUCN part). However, CITES does not replace national laws; instead, member states are required to adopt their own domestic legislation to implement the convention effectively (Statement 3 is correct).
IUCN is known for its Red List of Threatened Species. CITES regulates international trade in species listed in its Appendices I, II, and III to ensure trade is not detrimental to their survival. While CITES is a treaty, its implementation relies on national legal frameworks and enforcement mechanisms.
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