Why does the Earth assume the shape of an oblate ellipsoid?

Why does the Earth assume the shape of an oblate ellipsoid?

The Earth’s rotation causes the Earth to bulge slightly at the equator and flatten at the poles
The Earth’s rotation causes the Earth to bulge slightly at the poles and flatten at the equator
The Earth’s revolution causes the Earth to bulge slightly at the equator and flatten at the poles
The Earth’s revolution causes the Earth to bulge slightly at the poles and flatten at the equator
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CAPF – 2012
The Earth is not a perfect sphere but takes the shape of an oblate ellipsoid (or oblate spheroid), which means it is slightly flattened at the poles and bulges at the equator. This shape is a result of the Earth’s rotation. The centrifugal force generated by rotation is greatest at the equator because the linear velocity is highest there. This outward force counteracts gravity more effectively at the equator, causing the material there to bulge outwards, while the poles, experiencing minimal centrifugal force, are slightly flattened.
The Earth’s oblate ellipsoid shape (bulging at the equator, flattened at the poles) is primarily caused by the centrifugal force resulting from its rotation.
The difference between the equatorial diameter and the polar diameter is about 43 kilometers (approximately 12,756 km vs 12,714 km). This difference is relatively small compared to the overall size of the Earth, but it is significant enough for accurate measurements and understanding of Earth’s gravity field.