The correct answer is C. Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis.
Mahalanobis was an Indian statistician and polymath who played a leading role in the development of Indian statistical science. He is best known for his work on sampling theory, econometrics, and economic planning. He was also the founder of the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) in Kolkata.
Mahalanobis was appointed the head of the Planning Unit of the Government of India in 1950. In this role, he was responsible for formulating the Second Five Year Plan (1956-1961). The Second Five Year Plan was based on Mahalanobis’s “growth with stability” model, which emphasized the development of heavy industry and the use of import substitution to promote economic growth.
Mahalanobis’s work on economic planning had a significant impact on the development of the Indian economy. His ideas were widely adopted by other developing countries, and he is considered to be one of the pioneers of development economics.
Mahalanobis’s other contributions to science include his work on the Mahalanobis distance, which is a measure of the statistical distance between two probability distributions. He also developed the MahalanobisâPanchapakesan test, which is a statistical test for the equality of two covariance matrices.
Mahalanobis was a highly respected scientist and economist. He was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian award, in 1968. He died in 1972 at the age of 82.
The other options are incorrect.
A. Mahatma Gandhi was a leader of the Indian independence movement. He is best known for his nonviolent resistance to British rule.
B. Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India. He was a leading figure in the Indian independence movement and a close associate of Mahatma Gandhi.
D. B.R. Shenoy was an Indian economist who served as the Finance Minister of India from 1972 to 1974. He was a proponent of free market economics and opposed the government’s intervention in the economy.