The correct answer is (d) Rousseau.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of the 18th-century Enlightenment. His political philosophy heavily influenced the French Revolution, as well as the development of modern political and educational thought. His novel, Ãmile, or On Education, is a seminal treatise on the education of the whole person for citizenship.
Rousseau’s most famous work is The Social Contract, which was published in 1762. In this work, Rousseau argues that the only legitimate form of government is a democracy in which the people are the sovereign. He also argues that the individual is born free and equal, and that all legitimate government must be based on the consent of the governed.
Voltaire was a French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher famous for his wit, his attacks on the established Catholic Church, and his advocacy of freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and separation of church and state.
Thomas Paine was an English-American political activist, author, political theorist, and revolutionary. He is best known for his pamphlet Common Sense, which was published anonymously in January 1776, and which had a significant impact on American public opinion in favor of independence from Great Britain.
Montesquieu was a French social commentator and political theorist who is considered one of the most influential Enlightenment thinkers. He is best known for his work The Spirit of the Laws, which was published in 1748. In this work, Montesquieu argued that the best way to prevent tyranny is to divide government power into three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial.