Who were the Nayanars ?

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Those who were immersed in devotion to Vishnu

Those who were devotees of Buddha

Leaders who were devotees of Shiva

Leaders who were devotees of Basveshwara

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CDS-2 – 2019

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The correct answer is Leaders who were devotees of Shiva.

The Nayanars (or Nayanmars) were 63 Tamil saints who were devoted to the Hindu god Shiva. They played a significant role in the Bhakti movement in South India between the 6th and 8th centuries CE, composing devotional hymns (Tevaram, Tiruvacakam, etc.) in Tamil.

Similarly, the Alvars were Tamil saints devoted to Vishnu. Both groups contributed immensely to the devotional literature and popularization of Vaishnavism and Shaivism in South India. Basaveshwara was a 12th-century philosopher, poet, and social reformer from Karnataka, the founder of Virashaivism, which is also devoted to Shiva but represents a distinct movement.

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