The correct answer is: A. Shah Alam II.
Shah Alam II was the Mughal emperor who participated in the Battle of Buxar. The battle was fought on October 22, 1764, between the Mughal Empire and the British East India Company. The British were victorious, and the Mughal Empire was effectively ended.
Shah Alam II was born in 1728. He was the son of Muhammad Shah, the Mughal emperor. Shah Alam II ascended to the throne in 1759. He was a weak ruler, and the Mughal Empire was in decline.
The British East India Company was a trading company that had been granted a charter by the British government in 1600. The company had established a presence in India, and it was expanding its power.
The Battle of Buxar was fought near the town of Buxar in Bihar, India. The Mughal army was led by Shah Alam II. The British army was led by Robert Clive.
The British were victorious in the battle. The Mughal army was defeated, and Shah Alam II was captured. The British East India Company took control of much of the Mughal Empire.
Shah Alam II was released from captivity in 1765. He was allowed to remain as the Mughal emperor, but he was a puppet ruler. The British East India Company controlled the Mughal Empire.
Shah Alam II died in 1806. He was the last effective Mughal emperor.
The other options are incorrect.
- Farrukhsiyar was the Mughal emperor from 1713 to 1719. He was overthrown by his son, Rafi ud-Daulah.
- Nasiruddin was the Mughal emperor from 1694 to 1712. He was succeeded by his son, Muhammad Shah.
- Siraj-ud-Daula was the Nawab of Bengal from 1756 to 1757. He was defeated by the British in the Battle of Plassey.