The correct answer is A. J. K. Mehta.
J. K. Mehta was an Indian economist who specialized in population economics. He was a professor at the Indian Statistical Institute and the University of Delhi. He is best known for his work on the economics of population growth.
In his book “The Economics of Population Growth”, Mehta argued that the problem of population is not only with size but with efficient production and equitable distribution. He argued that population growth can be a positive force for economic development if it is accompanied by increases in productivity and investment in human capital.
Cooley and Hoover were American sociologists who studied the relationship between population and economic development. They argued that population growth can have a negative impact on economic development if it leads to increased poverty and inequality.
Seligman was an American economist who studied the economics of poverty. He argued that poverty is a complex problem that has many causes, including population growth.
Malthus was an English economist who is best known for his theory of population. He argued that population growth will always outstrip the means of subsistence, leading to poverty and starvation.
In conclusion, the correct answer is A. J. K. Mehta.