The correct answer is (a) Bhagat Singh.
Bhagat Singh was an Indian socialist revolutionary who is considered to be one of the most influential figures in the Indian independence movement. He was a member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), and he was executed by the British colonial government in 1931 for his role in the Lahore Conspiracy Case.
Bhagat Singh was a strong advocate of revolutionary violence, and he believed that it was the only way to achieve independence from British rule. He was also a prolific writer and thinker, and he wrote extensively on the philosophy of revolution.
In one of his most famous speeches, Bhagat Singh said, “Criticism and independent thought are the two characteristics of a revolutionary.” This statement reflects Bhagat Singh’s belief that revolutionaries must be free to think for themselves and to criticize the existing order.
Ram Prasad Bismil was also a member of the HSRA, and he was executed along with Bhagat Singh in 1931. However, there is no evidence that he ever said the statement “criticism and independent thought are the two characteristics of a revolutionary.”
Sachindranath Sanyal was a founder of the HSRA, and he was imprisoned for his role in the Kakori Train Robbery in 1925. However, there is no evidence that he ever said the statement “criticism and independent thought are the two characteristics of a revolutionary.”
Bhagawati Charan Vohra was a member of the HSRA, and he was imprisoned for his role in the Lahore Conspiracy Case. However, there is no evidence that he ever said the statement “criticism and independent thought are the two characteristics of a revolutionary.”