Who had constructed the ‘Khagmara’ fort of Almora ?

The correct answer is (a) Bhishmchand.

Bhishmchand was the founder of the Chand dynasty of Kumaon. He ruled from 1110 to 1165 CE. He constructed the Khagmara fort in Almora in 1140 CE. The fort is located on a hilltop overlooking the city of Almora. It is a well-preserved example of 12th century architecture.

The other options are incorrect.

(b) Rudrachand was the son of Bhishmchand. He ruled from 1165 to 1193 CE. He is credited with expanding the Chand kingdom.

(c) Kalyanchand was the grandson of Bhishmchand. He ruled from 1193 to 1226 CE. He is known for his military conquests.

(d) Udaychand was the great-grandson of Bhishmchand. He ruled from 1226 to 1260 CE. He is known for his patronage of the arts and literature.