The correct answer is D. Mahatma Gandhi.
Mahatma Gandhi was a prominent Indian activist who employed nonviolent civil disobedience to lead the successful campaign for India’s independence from British rule, and in turn inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. The honorific title Mahatmaâmeaning “high-souled”âwas bestowed on him first in 1914 in South Africa, and became widely used in India in the 1920s. He is internationally honored for his philosophy of nonviolence and his leadership of the Indian independence movement. The honorific title Mahatmaâmeaning “high-souled”âwas bestowed on him first in 1914 in South Africa, and became widely used in India in the 1920s. He is internationally honored for his philosophy of nonviolence and his leadership of the Indian independence movement.
Gandhi was born in Porbandar, Gujarat, British India (now Gujarat, India) on October 2, 1869. He was the youngest son of Karamchand Gandhi, chief minister of Porbandar state, and Putlibai. Gandhi was educated in Porbandar and Rajkot, and in 1887 he went to England to study law. He returned to India in 1891 and began practicing law in Bombay.
In 1893, Gandhi went to South Africa to represent a Muslim client in a court case. He remained in South Africa for 21 years, during which time he became involved in the struggle for Indian rights. He organized protests against discriminatory laws and practices, and he developed the philosophy of nonviolent civil disobedience that he would later use in India.
In 1915, Gandhi returned to India. He soon became involved in the independence movement, and he led a number of protests against British rule. He also founded the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920, which was a major turning point in the independence struggle.
In 1930, Gandhi led the Salt March, a major protest against the British salt monopoly. The march was a success, and it helped to galvanize the independence movement.
In 1942, Gandhi launched the Quit India Movement, calling for the British to leave India. The movement was met with violence, and Gandhi was arrested and imprisoned.
India gained independence from Britain in 1947. Gandhi was disappointed that India was partitioned into two separate countries, India and Pakistan. He continued to work for peace and harmony between the two countries.
On January 30, 1948, Gandhi was assassinated by a Hindu extremist. He was 78 years old.
Gandhi is considered the father of modern India. He is also known as the Mahatma, or “Great Soul.” He is revered for his philosophy of nonviolence and his leadership of the Indian independence movement.