The correct answer is: A. Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq was the founder of the Tughlaq dynasty in India. He was born in 1260 in Turkistan and died in 1325 in Delhi. He was the son of Qutbuddin Aibak, the founder of the Mamluk dynasty in India. Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq ascended to the throne of Delhi in 1320 after the death of his nephew, Nasiruddin Mahmud. He ruled for 15 years and was succeeded by his son, Muhammad bin Tughlaq.
Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq was a powerful and successful ruler. He expanded the territory of the Delhi Sultanate and brought many new areas under his control. He also built many new roads, bridges, and canals. He was a devout Muslim and built many mosques and madrasas.
Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq was a controversial figure. Some historians have praised him for his achievements, while others have criticized him for his cruelty and ruthlessness. However, there is no doubt that he was a significant figure in Indian history.
Option B, Firozshah Tughlaq, was the third ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty. He was the son of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq and ruled from 1351 to 1388. Firozshah Tughlaq was a successful ruler and is known for his many public works projects, including the construction of canals, dams, and mosques.
Option C, Muhammad bin Tughlaq, was the second ruler of the Tughlaq dynasty. He was the son of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq and ruled from 1325 to 1351. Muhammad bin Tughlaq was a controversial figure who is known for his ambitious but ultimately unsuccessful policies.
Option D, None of the above, is incorrect because Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq was the founder of the Tughlaq dynasty in Bihar.