Who among the following was the founder of Phoenix Settlement?

Mahatma Gandhi

B. R. Ambedkar

Rabindranath Tagore

Swami Vivekananda

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CDS-1 – 2018

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Mahatma Gandhi was the founder of the Phoenix Settlement.

The Phoenix Settlement was established by Mahatma Gandhi in 1904 near Durban, South Africa. It was one of his first attempts at creating a self-sufficient community based on the principles of simple living, hard work, and equality, which later became the foundation for his ashram model.

Inspired by John Ruskin’s book ‘Unto This Last’, Gandhi decided to establish the settlement on a plot of land. Residents were expected to share labour, live simply, and follow principles of non-violence and communal living. The settlement served as a base for printing the newspaper ‘Indian Opinion’, which Gandhi used to voice the grievances of the Indian community in South Africa.

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