Who among the following was the Chief Justice of India when Public Int

Who among the following was the Chief Justice of India when Public Interest Litigation (PIL) was introduced in the Indian Judicial System?

M. Hidayatullah
A. S. Anand
A. M. Ahmadi
P. N. Bhagwati
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CDS-2 – 2017
Justice P. N. Bhagwati is widely regarded as one of the pioneers of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in India and was Chief Justice of India during a period when PIL was actively developed and promoted by the Supreme Court.
Justice P.N. Bhagwati served as the Chief Justice of India from July 1985 to December 1986. Before becoming CJI, as a judge of the Supreme Court, he played a crucial role along with Justice V. R. Krishna Iyer in relaxing the traditional rule of locus standi, allowing public-spirited citizens to approach the court on behalf of the poor and disadvantaged, thereby pioneering the concept of PIL in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Key early PIL cases were decided during this period, solidifying PIL’s place in the Indian judicial system.
Justice M. Hidayatullah was CJI much earlier (1968-1970). Justices A. S. Anand (1998-2001) and A. M. Ahmadi (1994-1997) served as CJI significantly after PIL was introduced and had become an established feature of the Indian judiciary. While PIL evolved over time with contributions from many judges, Justice Bhagwati is the most prominent figure associated with its initial introduction and expansion, particularly during the late 70s and early 80s, including his tenure as CJI.