Who among the following was described as Jagadguru by his subjects for

Who among the following was described as Jagadguru by his subjects for his patronage of the Hindus in his State?

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Ibrahim Adil Shah II of Bijapur

Mahmud II of Malwa

Husain Shah of Bengal

Mahmud Begara of Gujarat

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CAPF – 2012

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The correct answer is A) Ibrahim Adil Shah II of Bijapur. Ibrahim Adil Shah II (ruled 1580–1627) of the Adil Shahi dynasty of Bijapur was famous for his cultural interests, tolerance towards other religions, and patronage of Hindus. He was popularly known as “Jagadguru” (Teacher of the World) and “Abla Baba” (Friend of the Poor) by his subjects, reflecting his syncretic approach and popularity across religious communities.

– Ibrahim Adil Shah II was a ruler of the Sultanate of Bijapur.
– He is known for his religious tolerance and patronage of Hindu culture and individuals, earning him the title “Jagadguru”.
– He authored the ‘Kitab-i-Navras’, a book primarily on Indian classical music, with verses often invoking Hindu deities alongside Muslim saints.

The Deccan Sultanates, including Bijapur, were known for a degree of cultural synthesis and tolerance, although this varied among rulers. Ibrahim Adil Shah II stands out for his explicit embrace of elements from different traditions, making him a notable figure in medieval Indian history for promoting communal harmony.

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