Who among the following is known to be the first one to consider the r

Who among the following is known to be the first one to consider the role of inertia in motion?

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Galileo Galilei

Isaac Newton

Albert Einstein

Nicolaus Copernicus

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UPSC Geoscientist – 2022

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Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) is widely credited with being the first to formulate a clear concept of inertia. Through experiments and thought experiments, particularly concerning motion on inclined planes, he concluded that an object in motion would continue in motion with constant velocity in the absence of forces. This contradicted the prevailing Aristotelian view that force was required to maintain motion. While Isaac Newton later formalized this as his First Law of Motion (the law of inertia), Galileo’s work laid the essential groundwork and is considered the first significant step in understanding inertia.

– Inertia is the property of matter resisting changes in motion.
– Galileo’s work challenged Aristotelian physics regarding motion.
– Galileo’s experiments and thought experiments led him to the concept of inertia.
– Newton later formalized inertia as his First Law of Motion.

Before Galileo, the common belief based on Aristotle was that objects required a continuous force to stay in motion. Galileo’s understanding shifted this paradigm, proposing that motion persists unless acted upon by external forces like friction or gravity.

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