Who among the following introduced the Permanent Settlement of Bengal

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Who among the following introduced the Permanent Settlement of Bengal in 1793?

Lord Cornwallis
Lord Ripon
Robert Clive
John Adam
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-1 – 2018
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Lord Cornwallis introduced the Permanent Settlement of Bengal in 1793.
Lord Cornwallis, who served as the Governor-General of Bengal from 1786 to 1793, is credited with implementing the Permanent Settlement in 1793. This system fixed the land revenue demand permanently and recognized the zamindars as the proprietors of the land.
Lord Ripon was a Viceroy known for reforms in local self-government and repeal of the Vernacular Press Act in the late 19th century (1880-1884). Robert Clive was a key figure in the early British East India Company’s rise to power in Bengal after the Battle of Plassey (1757), long before the Permanent Settlement. John Adam served as acting Governor-General briefly in 1823.

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