The correct answer is: B. Chaitanya Maha Prabhu.
Chaitanya Maha Prabhu was a 16th-century Indian Vaishnava saint and reformer who is considered to be one of the most important figures in the history of Hinduism. He was born in Nabadwip, Bengal, in 1486 and is said to have attained enlightenment at the age of 24. He is known for his devotional songs and his emphasis on the importance of love and devotion to God.
Chaitanya Maha Prabhu is also known for his public debates with Shaivite scholars. In one such debate, he is said to have defeated the Shaivite scholar Madhavacharya. This debate is said to have taken place at the court of Krishna Deva Raya, the ruler of the Vijayanagara Empire.
The other options are incorrect.
- Guru Nanak was a 15th-century Indian saint and founder of the Sikh religion. He is not known to have debated with Shaivite scholars.
- Shankaracharya was an 8th-century Indian philosopher and theologian. He is considered to be one of the most important figures in the history of Hinduism. He is not known to have debated with Shaivite scholars.
- Vallabhacharya was a 16th-century Indian Vaishnava saint and reformer. He is considered to be one of the most important figures in the history of the Pushtimarga sect of Vaishnavism. He is not known to have debated with Shaivite scholars.