The correct answer is: b) Drip irrigation.
Drip irrigation is a type of irrigation that delivers water directly to the root zone of plants, either through drippers or micro-sprinklers. It is a more efficient way to irrigate than flood irrigation or sprinkler irrigation, as it minimizes water loss due to evaporation and runoff. Drip irrigation is also less likely to damage plants, as it does not wet the leaves.
Sprinkler irrigation is a type of irrigation that uses sprinklers to spray water onto the ground. It is a less efficient way to irrigate than drip irrigation, as it loses more water to evaporation and runoff. Sprinkler irrigation can also damage plants, as it wets the leaves.
Flood irrigation is a type of irrigation that floods the entire field with water. It is the least efficient way to irrigate, as it loses a lot of water to evaporation and runoff. Flood irrigation can also damage plants, as it wets the leaves.
Canal irrigation is a type of irrigation that uses canals to transport water from a source, such as a river or a reservoir, to the fields that need to be irrigated. It is a more efficient way to irrigate than flood irrigation, as it loses less water to evaporation and runoff. However, canal irrigation can be expensive to build and maintain.
In Assam, drip irrigation is the most commonly used type of irrigation in horticulture farms. This is because drip irrigation is a more efficient and effective way to irrigate than other types of irrigation. Drip irrigation also helps to conserve water, which is a valuable resource in Assam.