The correct answer is (b). Bhutan is the only country in the world that has adopted “Gross National Happiness” as an index of the well-being of its citizens. The concept of Gross National Happiness was first introduced by Bhutan’s fourth king, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, in the 1970s. He believed that the traditional measure of economic growth, Gross National Product, was not an adequate measure of a country’s well-being. He argued that a country’s progress should be measured in terms of the happiness of its citizens.
Bhutan’s Gross National Happiness index is based on four pillars: economic development, environmental conservation, social development, and good governance. The index is used to measure the progress of Bhutan towards its goal of creating a society that is “prosperous, just, and harmonious.”
India (a), Sri Lanka (c), and Myanmar (d) are all South Asian countries that have not adopted Gross National Happiness as an index of the well-being of their citizens. However, all three countries are working to improve the well-being of their citizens. India is working to reduce poverty and improve education and healthcare. Sri Lanka is working to promote economic development and social justice. Myanmar is working to establish democracy and improve human rights.