The correct answer is C. Lingayat movement.
The Lingayat movement was a social reform movement that emerged in 12th century Karnataka, challenging traditional practices such as caste discrimination and idol worship. The movement was founded by Basava, a 12th-century social reformer and philosopher. Basava was a critic of the caste system and idol worship. He believed that all people are equal and that there is no need for caste distinctions. He also believed that God is not present in idols, but in the hearts of all people.
The Lingayat movement had a significant impact on the social and religious life of Karnataka. It helped to promote social equality and religious tolerance. The movement also played a role in the development of the Kannada language and literature.
The other options are incorrect.
Arya Samaj was a Hindu reform movement that emerged in 19th century Punjab. The movement was founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati. Arya Samaj aimed to revive the Vedic religion and to reform Hindu society. The movement opposed caste discrimination and idol worship.
Brahmo Samaj was a Hindu reform movement that emerged in 19th century Bengal. The movement was founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy. Brahmo Samaj aimed to reform Hindu society and to promote monotheism. The movement opposed caste discrimination and idol worship.
Prarthana Samaj was a Hindu reform movement that emerged in 19th century Maharashtra. The movement was founded by Mahadev Govind Ranade. Prarthana Samaj aimed to reform Hindu society and to promote monotheism. The movement opposed caste discrimination and idol worship.