Which set of the following biosphere reserves in India is included in

Which set of the following biosphere reserves in India is included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves ?

Gulf of Mannar, Nokrek, Panchmarhi and Simlipal
Gulf of Mannar, Kanchanjunga, Nokrek and Seshachalam
Nilgiri, Nokrek, Panchmarhi and Panna
Nilgiri, Nokrek, Panchmarhi and Seshachalam
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-2 – 2017
The set containing Gulf of Mannar, Nokrek, Panchmarhi, and Simlipal includes four Biosphere Reserves in India that are recognized and included in the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves.
India has designated Biosphere Reserves, and a subset of these are recognized by UNESCO and included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves under the Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme.
As of late 2023, India has 12 Biosphere Reserves included in the World Network: Nilgiri, Gulf of Mannar, Sundarbans, Nanda Devi, Nokrek, Pachmarhi, Similipal, Achanakmar-Amarkantak, Great Nicobar, Agasthyamalai, Khangchendzonga, and Panna. Option A contains four reserves (Gulf of Mannar, Nokrek, Panchmarhi, Simlipal) which are all on this list. Option C also contains four reserves (Nilgiri, Nokrek, Panchmarhi, Panna) which are also on this list. However, given the context of UPSC questions and potential date of formulation, sets of sites included earlier are often preferred if multiple correct sets exist. Gulf of Mannar (2001), Nokrek (2009), Panchmarhi (2009), and Simlipal (2009) were all listed by 2009. Nilgiri (2000), Nokrek (2009), Panchmarhi (2009), but Panna was added much later (2020). Assuming the question predates the most recent additions, option A is the most likely intended correct answer. Seshachalam is a Biosphere Reserve designated by India but not included in the UNESCO World Network.
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